Cov leeg nqaij dystrophies yog ntau yam xwm txheej uas ua rau cov leeg nqaij tsis muaj zog thiab nkim cov leeg uas tswj kev txav chaw, tab sis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub plawv. Muscular Dystrophy (MD) raug kuaj mob los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev, tsev neeg keeb kwm kev kho mob, thiab kuaj xws li kuaj ntshav, ua haujlwm ntshav, kuaj DNA thiab EMG. MD feem ntau yog kab mob caj ces, tab sis qee yam tsis yog. Thaum muaj ntau hom mob no, cov tsos mob thiab kuaj mob feem ntau zoo ib yam. Ib qho ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog thaum tus kab mob nthuav tawm nws tus kheej. Piv txwv li, Duchenne MD nthuav tawm thaum yau, thaum Becker MD tuaj yeem nthuav qhia nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm hnub nyoog 2-25. Yog koj xav tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj MD, teem sijhawm mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Saib Xyuas Cov tsos mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua tib zoo saib kom ntog ntau zaus
Vim tias cov leeg nqaij cuam tshuam rau cov leeg, nws tuaj yeem ua rau koj poob qis. Ib yam nkaus, nws tuaj yeem ua rau nyuaj rau sawv rov los, lossis txawm tias tsuas yog sawv tawm ntawm lub txaj.
Duchenne ntau yam feem ntau pib thaum yau. Thaum cov menyuam feem ntau yuav poob, nco ntsoov yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis meej pem, poob ntau zaus hauv ib hnub, piv txwv
Kauj Ruam 2. Tsis tas li ntawd, saib rau "Gower's maneuver," qhov twg koj tus menyuam sawv los ntawm xub ntiag pem hauv ntej thiab tso lawv txhais tes rau ntawm nws
Tom qab ntawd, lawv nqa lawv lub nraub qaum mus rau saum huab cua thiab taug lawv txhais tes tsa lawv ob txhais ceg.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib cov teeb meem nrog kev txav chaw
Cov neeg uas muaj cov leeg nqaij tuaj yeem tuaj yeem taug kev, penguin zoo li taug kev, piv txwv. Koj kuj tseem yuav muaj teeb meem khiav lossis dhia.
- Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem taug kev ntawm lawv cov ntiv taw es tsis yog ntawm nws pob taws. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem tawm ntawm lawv lub plab thiab rub rov qab lawv lub xub pwg kom pab lawv nyob ncaj.
- Koj kuj tseem yuav muaj teeb meem nce mus rau theem siab, ntaus kis las, lossis nqa khoom uas koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm nqa tau.
Kauj Ruam 4. Pom cov leeg mob thiab khov
Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Yeej, koj yuav muaj teeb meem txav nrog kua vim tias koj cov leeg nruj heev. Tsis tas li, koj yuav ntsib kev ua tiav thoob plaws koj cov leeg.
Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem nqa lawv txhais caj npab saum lawv taub hau
Kauj Ruam 5. Txheeb xyuas cov nqaij leeg loj hauv cov menyuam
Cov tsos mob no feem ntau tshwm rau menyuam yaus. Feem ntau, cov leeg nqaij muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqaij caws pliav. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm sab nraud, cov leeg nqaij leeg yuav tsuas yog qhov txawv txav loj.
Kauj Ruam 6. Saib cov teeb meem kev kawm hauv menyuam yaus
Tsis yog txhua tus menyuam nrog MD yuav muaj teeb meem kev kawm. Qhov tseeb, tsuas yog li ntawm 1/3 yuav raug cuam tshuam. Cov cuam tshuam no yuav muaj teeb meem tsom mus rau lossis muaj teeb meem nrog kev cim thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv, xws li muaj teeb meem nco qab cov lus.
Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj kev txhim kho hauv zej zog qeeb
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Mus ntsib Tus Kws Kho Mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Teem sijhawm teem sijhawm yog tias koj pom cov tsos mob
Txawm koj pom cov tsos mob hauv koj lossis koj tus menyuam, mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus yog tias koj pom qhov nce sai hauv ib qho teeb meem, xws li poob los yog tsis meej pem, vim qhov ntawd tuaj yeem yog qhov taw qhia ntawm tus mob no.
Ua ib daim ntawv teev cov tsos mob coj nrog koj. Nco ntsoov tias lawv tshwm sim ntau npaum li cas. Txoj kev ntawd, koj yuav tsis hnov qab dab tsi thaum nyob hauv kws kho mob lub chaw haujlwm
Kauj Ruam 2. Tham nrog koj tsev neeg keeb kwm nrog kws kho mob
Feem ntau ntawm MD muaj kev tshuaj ntsuam caj ces, yog li koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav paub yog tias nws nyob hauv koj tsev neeg. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias ib tus neeg hauv tsev neeg tau muaj hom MD tshwj xeeb.
Kauj Ruam 3. Npaj rau kev kuaj lub cev
Ua ntej ua lwm yam, tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas koj lub cev. Lawv yuav ua tej yam xws li mloog koj lub siab thiab ua pa, nrog rau ntsuas koj cov ntshav.
Tus kws kho mob tseem tuaj yeem thov koj lossis koj tus menyuam taug kev kom lawv tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas koj lossis koj tus menyuam txoj kev taug
Kauj Ruam 4. Cia siab tias yuav kuaj ntshav
Thawj qhov kev sim uas koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua yog yuav kuaj ntshav. Lawv yuav tab tom nrhiav 2 hom enzymes. Thawj qhov, serum creatine kinase, qhia tias cov nqaij ntshiv zuj zus thaum nyob qib siab. Qhov thib ob, cov ntshav aldolase, hloov cov piam thaj rau hauv lub zog, thiab thaum koj qib nws siab, nws tuaj yeem taw tes rau cov leeg tsis muaj zog.
- Kev kuaj ntshav kuj tseem siv los txiav txim seb koj puas nqa cov noob rau ib hom MD tshwj xeeb.
- Ua ntej mus rau kws kho mob lub chaw haujlwm, haus dej ntxiv. Nws yooj yim dua rau lawv noj ntshav thaum koj muaj dej ntau.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Siv Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas
Kauj Ruam 1. Cia siab tias yuav kuaj cov nqaij
Nrog qhov kev xeem no, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj me me ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob yuav siv tshuaj loog hauv cheeb tsam kom loog thaj chaw, thiab tom qab ntawd siv rab hollow los rub tawm cov leeg nqaij.
- Tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws tshaj lij yuav saib cov qauv hauv qab lub tshuab tsom iav thiab ntsuas ntsuas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qee qib ntawm cov protein.
- Hauv qab lub tshuab tsom me me, tus kws kho mob yuav tab tom nrhiav yam xws li cov leeg nqaij uas ploj lawm, uas tuaj yeem qhia qhov nqes-girdle MD.
- Yog tias koj cov leeg tsis muaj cov protein dystrophin txaus, uas tuaj yeem qhia Becker MD lossis Duchenne MD.
Kauj Ruam 2. Npaj rau kev kuaj electromyography
Nrog rau qhov kev ntsuas no, ib rab koob tso rau hauv ib qho ntawm koj cov leeg. Tus kws kho mob yuav siv lub teeb hluav taws xob tam sim no hla koj cov leeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv yuav nug koj kom yoog thiab so koj cov leeg.
- Los ntawm kev kawm cov qauv hluav taws xob, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yog tias koj muaj kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau koj cov leeg. Qhov kev xeem no tseem tuaj yeem pab lawv txiav txim tawm lwm yam kev puas hlwb.
- Koob yuav mob me ntsis thaum nws tso. Cov nqi hluav taws xob yuav zoo li twinge lossis nqaij leeg.
Kauj Ruam 3. Pom zoo rau ntau yam kev ntsuas lub plawv thiab lub ntsws
Tus kws kho mob siv cov kev ntsuas no los tshuaj xyuas seb cov kabmob no ua haujlwm li cas. Nrog kuaj lub plawv, tus kws kho mob yuav mloog lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem los saib seb lub plawv puas tag nrho. Nrog kuaj lub ntsws, tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas qhov ua haujlwm, nrog rau saib seb muaj pes tsawg nitric oxide koj nqus tau.
- Piv txwv li, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua tus echocardiogram, uas yog qhov uas lawv siv ultrasound ntawm koj lub plawv los tshuaj xyuas nws lub zog thiab ua haujlwm.
- Xwb, lawv tuaj yeem siv tshuaj electrocardiogram. Nrog qhov kev ntsuas no, lawv yuav tso hluav taws xob tso rau ntawm koj lub hauv siab, uas yog cov ntawv me me uas ntsuas hluav taws xob. Tus kws kho mob yuav kom koj xeem qhov no thaum so lossis thaum ua haujlwm.
- Kev kuaj lub ntsws ua haujlwm feem ntau xav kom koj nqus pa hauv lub raj.
Kauj Ruam 4. Cia siab tias yuav kuaj duab
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav siv qhov kev ntsuas duab, xws li CT scan, MRIs, thiab x-rays, txhawm rau pab muab kev kuaj mob. Cov kev ntsuas no muab cov duab ntawm sab hauv ntawm koj lub cev, pab kws kho mob txhawm rau txheeb xyuas kev puas tsuaj.
Piv txwv li, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem saib lub ntsws puas siv xoo hluav taws xob lossis siv CT scan los tshuaj xyuas cov leeg puas hauv koj lub cev
Kauj Ruam 5. Npaj rau kev kuaj DNA thiab ua ntshav
Cov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas qhov kev kuaj mob thiab txiav txim siab seb koj muaj MD zoo li cas.
Lub tswv yim
- Txhua hom MD txhim kho thaum muaj hnub nyoog sib txawv, yog li nco ntsoov tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj pib pom cov leeg tsis muaj zog. Piv txwv li, Duchenne MD nthuav tawm rau cov tub hluas hnub nyoog 2-6, thaum Becker MD nthuav tawm los ntawm hnub nyoog 2-25 hauv txiv neej, yog daim ntawv me dua, thiab cuam tshuam txog teeb meem plawv.
- Muaj 9 hom Kev Mus Mus Los Dystrophy; Myotonic (tseem hu ua MDD lossis Steinerts), Duchenne, Becker, Limb-girdle, Facioscapulohumeral, Congenital, Oculopharyngeal, Distal thiab Emery-Dreifuss.
