Kev Nyuaj Siab Tsis Txaus Siab (OCD) yog kev ntxhov siab tsis meej xeeb los ntawm kev xav tsis zoo thiab yuam kev uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej niaj hnub. OCD cuam tshuam rau 1% -2% ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas, feem ntau tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7 txog 12. Qee zaum nws mus tsis paub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum menyuam yaus nkaum lawv cov tsos mob lossis niam txiv tsis paub saib dab tsi. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los paub txog qhov tsis meej pem, txawm tias yog menyuam yaus.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 4: Txheeb Xyuas Qhov Teeb Meem Obsessive-Compulsive
Kauj Ruam 1. Tsis txhob dhia mus rau cov lus xaus
Nco ntsoov tias menyuam yaus muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab feem ntau dhau mus rau theem uas yuav ua rau koj xav tsis thoob tias lawv zoo li cas. Yog tias koj txhawj xeeb tias koj tus menyuam yuav muaj qee yam kev puas siab puas ntsws, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los tham nrog kws kho mob lossis tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus ua ntej koj sim kuaj mob tsis meej ntawm koj tus kheej. Yog tias koj tau ntsuas koj tus menyuam thiab tseem tsis paub meej, tsis txhob ntshai kom tau txais qhov kev xav thib ob.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib kom pom cov cim ntawm kev xav tsis thoob
Kev saib tsis taus tuaj yeem nyuaj me ntsis kom pom, vim tias lawv yog kev xav sab hauv uas yuav lossis tsis muaj kev ua sab nraud cuam tshuam nrog lawv. Ib qho ntxiv, menyuam yaus tuaj yeem zais lawv qhov kev xav los ntawm cov laus. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem txhais lus tsis raug raws li kev txhawj xeeb uas tsis tsim nyog. Tsuas yog cov tsos mob uas tus neeg laus tuaj yeem pom yog ncua sijhawm hauv chav dej lossis chav pw, lossis nyob ib leeg. Kev saib tsis taus feem ntau cuam tshuam txog kev nyab xeeb. Ob peb qhov kev xav ntau uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv tsev suav nrog:
- Kev txhawj xeeb ntau dhau txog kab mob, kab mob, thiab kev sib kis
- Ntshai tias lawv yuav ua phem rau lwm tus
- Kev txhawj xeeb tas li txog kev puas tsuaj xws li tsheb sib tsoo, hluav taws hauv tsev, av qeeg, lossis cua daj cua dub
- Tendency los ntseeg tias lawv cov haujlwm yeej tsis tiav
- Qhov xav tau kom muaj khoom nyob ib puag ncig lawv hauv qhov sib npaug, kev txiav txim zoo meej
- Qhov xav tau los ua cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb tus naj npawb ntawm lub sijhawm, lossis kev teeb tsa ntawm cov lej
- Kev txhawj xeeb nrog cov tswv yim kev ntseeg, xws li kev coj ncaj ncees, kev tuag, lossis kev tuag tom ntej
- Kev sau ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj qab hau
- Kev xav nrog kev xav ntawm kev sib deev
Kauj Ruam 3. Paub txog qhov yuam kev zoo li cas
Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem tsim kev yuam sib txawv hauv tsev thiab tom tsev kawm ntawv. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem txhais tsis raug raws li ua tsis raug. Cov neeg laus tuaj yeem txhais qhov yuam kev lossis ua rau xav tsis zoo raws li kev npau taws uas tshwm sim thaum yam tsis mus rau tus menyuam txoj kev. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv raws sijhawm thiab hloov pauv. Hauv tsev, qee qhov kev yuam yuav suav nrog:
- Ntxuav lawv chav ntau dua
- Ntxuav lawv txhais tes ntau dhau los lossis da dej ntau zaus
- Txheeb xyuas thiab rov tshuaj xyuas kom paub tseeb tias lub qhov rooj raug kaw
- Kev teeb tsa thiab teeb tsa cov khoom ntau thiab ntau dua
- Hais cov lus tshwj xeeb, rov ua tus lej, lossis hais cov kab lus ua ntej ua tej yam kom tsis txhob ua phem
- Ib txwm yuav tsum tau ua qee yam hauv kev txiav txim, thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis ua tawm yog tias qee yam cuam tshuam qhov kev txiav txim ntawd
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrhiav cov cim qhia zais
Cov menyuam yaus tau siv los nkaum lawv qhov kev xav lossis yuam. Koj yuav tsis pom lawv koom nrog ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm teev tseg saum toj no. Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev uas koj tuaj yeem sim txiav txim siab yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj OCD yog tias koj txhawj xeeb. Nrhiav rau:
- Kev pw tsaug zog tsis zoo los ntawm kev nyob lig dhau mus obsessing
- Mob los yog qhuav tes los ntawm kev ntxuav ntau dhau
- Siv xab npum ntau dhau
- Kev txhawj xeeb txog kab mob los yog mob
- Kev ntxhua khaub ncaws ntau ntxiv
- Zam kev qias neeg
- Ua rau kev kawm tau ntawv tsis zoo
- Kev thov kom tib neeg rov hais cov lus lossis kab lus
- Tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm ntev hauv chav da dej lossis npaj mus pw lossis tsev kawm ntawv
- Kev txhawj xeeb ntau dhau txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg
Kauj Ruam 5. Paub txog cov tsos mob no tom tsev kawm ntawv
Cov menyuam uas muaj OCD tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv dua li lawv ua tom tsev. Hauv tsev kawm ntawv, lawv yuav zais lossis tshem tawm lawv cov tsos mob. Cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim tom tsev kawm ntawv tuaj yeem pom txawv dua li lawv nyob hauv tsev. Hauv tsev kawm ntawv tus menyuam tuaj yeem:
- Muaj teeb meem mloog zoo. Rov ua dua, xav tsis thoob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus menyuam txoj kev mloog. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov lus qhia hauv qab no, pib ua haujlwm, ua tiav txoj haujlwm, thiab mob siab rau hauv chav kawm.
- Tshem tawm ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg
- Muaj kev ntseeg tus kheej qis
- Ua tawm lossis pom tsis mloog lus vim kev nkag siab yuam kev ntawm tus menyuam thiab nws cov phooj ywg lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tus menyuam tuaj yeem koom nrog tus cwj pwm txawv uas ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
- Muaj teeb meem kev kawm lossis teeb meem kev paub uas tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog OCD
Ntu 2 ntawm 4: Txheeb Xyuas Tus Cwj Pwm Tshwj Xeeb
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev ntshai kis kab mob
Qee tus menyuam uas muaj OCD muaj kev xav txog kev huv thiab ua rau ntshai ua paug, kis kab mob, thiab mob. Lawv yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev sib cuag ntawm ib tus neeg los yog ua rau muaj kev ntshai ntawm av, zaub mov, lossis qee qhov chaw lossis yam uas lawv ntseeg tias tsis huv lossis kis tau. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev soj ntsuam kev xav, koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas rau kev yuam uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev xav nrog kev huv:
- Koj tus menyuam yuav zam qee qhov chaw, xws li chav dej hauv tsev, lossis qee qhov xwm txheej, xws li kev sib ntsib hauv zej zog, vim tias lawv ntshai kis kab mob.
- Koj tus menyuam tej zaum yuav coj txawv txawv. Piv txwv li, lawv tuaj yeem noj cov zaub mov ib yam ntau thiab ntau dua vim tias nws xav tias tsis muaj kab mob sib kis.
- Koj tus menyuam yuav pib ua kev cai ntxuav koj thiab lwm tus hauv koj tsev neeg kom ua kom muaj kev huv huv.
- Koj tus menyuam tseem tuaj yeem tsim kev quab yuam uas zoo li tsis sib thooj rau kev xav nrog kev huv. Piv txwv li, lawv yuav tsis kam da dej vim ntshai kev kis kab mob.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nco ntsoov tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau nrog kev ua tiav, kev txiav txim, thiab qhov tseeb
Qee tus menyuam uas muaj OCD txhim kho kev xav nrog kev sib luag thiab kev txiav txim; lawv xav tau cov txheej txheem kom "ua kom raug" thiab cov khoom yuav tsum tau npaj "kom raug." Raws li qhov tshwm sim:
- Koj tus menyuam yuav tsim txoj hauv kev los tuav, npaj, lossis kho cov khoom kom raug; lawv tuaj yeem ua qhov no hauv txoj kev coj ua zoo heev.
- Koj tus menyuam yuav muaj kev txhawj xeeb heev thaum cov khoom tsis tau npaj tseg kom raug; lawv yuav ntshai lossis ntseeg tias muaj qee yam txaus ntshai yuav tshwm sim.
- Koj tus menyuam yuav muaj teeb meem rau siab rau kawm ntawv lossis lwm yam vim tias lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem no, uas zoo li tsis tseem ceeb rau koj.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib xyuas kev yuam kom cov neeg hlub nyab xeeb
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj OCD tuaj yeem xav txog lawv tus kheej lossis lwm tus raug mob. Qhov kev xav no tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv ntau yam kev coj tus cwj pwm:
- Koj tus menyuam yuav dhau los tiv thaiv cov neeg hauv tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg zoo.
- Koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem sim ua kom ntseeg tau tias txhua tus muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas tias lub qhov rooj raug kaw, cov khoom siv raug kaw, thiab tsis muaj roj nkag los.
- Koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau teev nyob rau ib hnub los ua cov haujlwm ua raws lub hom phiaj kom ntseeg tau tias txhua tus muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Kauj Ruam 4. Pom ib qho kev xav tsis thoob txog qhov ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj OCD tuaj yeem muaj kev xav ua phem ua phem, thiab lawv yuav txhawj xeeb heev tias lawv yuav muab cov kev xav no thiab ua rau lawv tus kheej lossis lwm tus txhob txwm ua. Tej zaum lawv yuav pib ntxub lawv tus kheej lossis ntseeg tias lawv yog neeg phem. Raws li qhov tshwm sim:
- Tej zaum koj tus menyuam yuav kov yeej kev xav. Lawv tuaj yeem nrhiav kev zam txim, lees txim lawv txoj kev xav rau lwm tus thiab nrhiav kev lees paub ntawm lawv txoj kev hlub thiab kev hlub.
- Koj tus menyuam yuav dhau los ua lub siab ntsws thiab xav tsis thoob nrog cov kev xav no. Txawm hais tias qhov kev txhawj xeeb feem ntau yog sab hauv, koj tuaj yeem ceeb toom rau cov cim ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv, kev nyuaj siab, lossis qaug zog.
- Koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem kos lossis sau txog cov kev coj ua phem ntau dhau.
Ntu 3 ntawm 4: Kev nkag siab txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb-yuam kev
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub koj tus kheej nrog OCD thaum yau
Ntau tus menyuam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm OCD ntau dua li cov neeg paub. Raws li tus thawj coj ntawm Chaw Menyuam Yaus rau OCD thiab Kev Nyuaj Siab hauv Philadelphia, ntau dua ib lab tus menyuam hauv Asmeskas muaj OCD. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias, 1 ntawm 100 tus menyuam hauv Asmeskas muaj OCD.
- Tsis zoo li cov neeg laus uas tuaj yeem lees paub tias lawv muaj OCD, menyuam tsis nkag siab tias lawv muaj OCD. Hloov chaw, menyuam yaus tuaj yeem saib lawv cov kev xav rov ua dua lossis ua yam tsis txaj muag thiab xav tias zoo li lawv vwm. Qhov no ua rau ntau tus menyuam txaj muag dhau los qhia rau tus neeg laus txog lawv cov teeb meem.
- Lub hnub nyoog nruab nrab uas OCD nthuav tawm yog 10.2
- OCD zoo li tshwm zoo ib yam hauv cov tub thiab ntxhais.
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub tias kev xav tsis zoo ua haujlwm li cas
Ib feem ntawm Kev Tsis Txaus Siab obsessive-Compulsive Disorder yog qhov nyiam ua rau obsessive. Kev saib tsis taus yog kev xav tsis tu ncua lossis rov xav dua, duab, tswv yim, lossis kev xav uas ua rau tib neeg nco qab. Tus menyuam tsis tuaj yeem tshee cov kev xav, uas dhau los ua qhov tseeb rau nws. Cov kev xav tsis xav tuaj yeem ua rau txaus ntshai thiab yog tias tsis tau daws, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau koj tus menyuam muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab cuam tshuam, ua rau lawv zoo li lub siab tsis ncaj ncees.
- Cov kev xav no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ntseeg ntau.
- Cov kev xav no tuaj yeem qhia tus menyuam txog qee yam tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim rau ib tus neeg uas lawv mob siab txog.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag siab tias kev yuam ua haujlwm zoo li cas
Qhov thib ob ntawm OCD yog qhov nyiam mus rau kev coj tus cwj pwm. Kev quab yuam yog kev rov ua ntau dhau thiab ua nruj lossis ua yam uas tau ua los txhawm rau txo kev ntxhov siab, tiv thaiv kev xav tsis zoo, lossis tshem tawm qee yam uas txaus ntshai. Tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua cov kev xav no lossis lub cev. Kev nqis tes ua feem ntau teb rau kev xav tsis thoob los pab txo kev ntshai thiab tuaj yeem zoo li muaj tus cwj pwm muaj zog.
Feem ntau, kev yuam ua kom pom tau yooj yim dua - koj tsis tas yuav paub tias koj tus menyuam xav li cas, tab sis yog tias koj ua tib zoo mloog, koj yuav muaj peev xwm saib xyuas tus cwj pwm yuam
Kauj Ruam 4. Nkag siab tias OCD tsis yog ib theem xwb
Qee tus niam txiv ntseeg tias cov tsos mob ntawm OCD tsuas yog ib qib xwb. Lawv kuj ntseeg tias lawv cov menyuam ua yeeb yam kom tau txais kev mloog. Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj OCD, qhov no tsis yog. OCD yog kev puas hlwb.
Nws tsis yog koj qhov txhaum uas tus menyuam muaj OCD, yog li tsis txhob liam koj tus kheej
Kauj Ruam 5. Paub tias lwm yam teeb meem dab tsi tuaj yeem nrog OCD
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj OCD tuaj yeem muaj ib lossis ntau qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim. Cov no suav nrog kev ntxhov siab vim, kev nyuaj siab, kev puas siab puas ntsws bipolar, ADHD, kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, autism, lossis Tourette Syndrome.
Lwm yam teeb meem sib qhia zoo sib xws nrog OCD thiab tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog nws. Cov no suav nrog lub cev tsis xwm yeem, teeb meem khaws cia, rub plaub hau thiab teeb meem khaws cov tawv nqaij
Ntu 4 ntawm 4: Nrhiav Kev Txhawb Nqa
Kauj Ruam 1. Tham nrog koj tus menyuam
Koj tus menyuam yuav tsis paub txog lawv tus mob lossis ntshai tuaj rau koj, yog li koj yuav tsum yog tus pib tham nrog. Nug cov lus nug txog koj tus menyuam tus cwj pwm hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, thiab ua tib zoo mloog.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam yuav qhib rau koj tsuas yog thaum lawv xav tias nyab xeeb thiab nyab xeeb. Sim ua kom koj tus menyuam tsis txhob ntshai, nrog lub suab sov thiab nkag siab.
- Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem hais tias, "John, Kuv pom tias koj tau ntxuav koj txhais tes ntau zaus thaum nruab hnub thiab tias lawv tau pib liab liab los ntawm txhua qhov kev ntxuav. Koj puas xav piav qhia rau kuv tias vim li cas koj thiaj xav tias koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav tes ntau zaus? " lossis "koj tau siv sijhawm ntau hauv koj chav npaj koj cov khoom ua si. Koj puas tuaj yeem qhia kuv txog lawv li cas? Kuv xav paub yog vim li cas lawv ib txwm yuav tsum nyob rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawd."
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntsib nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws qhia ntawv, phooj ywg, thiab tus saib xyuas
Vim tias OCD feem ntau txhim kho hauv cov menyuam hnub nyoog kawm ntawv, kev soj ntsuam ntawm lwm tus yuav yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tus menyuam yuav ntsib teeb meem sib txawv thaum lawv nyob deb ntawm koj thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev xav ntau yam thiab yuam nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab lwm qhov chaw.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tham nrog kws kho mob lossis kws kho mob
Yog tias tom qab nrhiav tus cwj pwm no koj ntseeg tias koj tus menyuam yuav muaj OCD, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis kws kho mob sai li sai tau rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho kom raug. Tsis txhob tos rau qhov xwm txheej los daws nws tus kheej - nws yuav mob zuj zus tuaj. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem teeb tsa koj mus rau txoj kev yog los pab koj tus menyuam.
- Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws kho paj hlwb txog phiaj xwm kho mob rau koj tus menyuam. Kuj tham txog phiaj xwm rau tsev neeg kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho tsev neeg tau saib xyuas thiab txhawb nqa ib leeg.
- Khaws koj tus menyuam tus cwj pwm ua ntej coj nws mus rau kws kho mob. Sau tseg ntawm tus cwj pwm, sijhawm siv sijhawm ntawm tus cwj pwm, thiab lwm yam uas koj xav tias yuav pab kws kho mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab muab kev kuaj mob zoo dua.
Kauj Ruam 4. Kawm paub txog cov kev kho mob uas muaj
Tsis muaj kev kho rau OCD. Txawm li cas los xij, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) thiab tshuaj tuaj yeem txo cov tsos mob ntawm OCD. Kho tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau nws muaj kev tswj hwm kom nyob nrog.
- Cov tshuaj rau OCD hauv menyuam yaus suav nrog SSRIs (xaiv serotonin reuptake inhibitors) xws li fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, citalopram, thiab sertraline. Lwm cov tshuaj uas tau sau tseg rau menyuam yaus hnub nyoog tshaj 10 xyoo yog clomipramine, tab sis cov tshuaj no yuav muaj kev phiv loj rau menyuam.
- CBT suav nrog pab tus menyuam kom paub txog tus cwj pwm thiab kev xav. Tom qab ntawd, lawv tau pab nrhiav kev hloov pauv tus cwj pwm hauv cov xwm txheej ntawd. Qhov no pab tus menyuam hloov tus cwj pwm thiab tsim qauv kev xav zoo.
- Kev kho mob hauv tsev kawm ntawv yuav muaj los pab tus menyuam taug qab cov haujlwm ntsig txog tsev kawm ntawv, xws li kev kawm xav tau thiab kev cia siab hauv zej zog.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nrhiav pab pawg txhawb nqa rau koj tus kheej
Pab tus menyuam uas muaj mob hlwb loj tuaj yeem nyuaj heev, thiab nrhiav pab pawg ntawm tib neeg hauv cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pab koj zoo li koj tsis nyob ib leeg.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los koom nrog txhua qhov kev qhia niam txiv los sis kev kho tsev neeg kom pab niam txiv tswj hwm tus mob. Cov kev sib tham no tseem pab nrog kev paub ua niam txiv rau cov xwm txheej no, qhia tsev neeg paub yuav daws qhov nyuaj nyob ib puag ncig li cas, thiab muab tswv yim txog kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev neeg li cas.
- Nug koj tus menyuam tus kws pab tswv yim txog kev puas siab puas ntsws txog pab pawg txhawb nqa niam txiv lossis tshawb hauv online rau "niam txiv ntawm menyuam nrog OCD pab pawg txhawb nqa" ntxiv rau koj thaj chaw.
- Txheeb xyuas International OCD Foundation cov ntaub ntawv rau niam txiv thiab tsev neeg.
Lub tswv yim
- Yog tias koj tus menyuam pom tus cwj pwm tsis zoo thiab yuam, nco ntsoov tias koj yuav xav tau kev pab rau koj tus kheej ib yam. Txiav txim siab koom nrog pab pawg txhawb kom koj tuaj yeem tham nrog lwm tus niam txiv txog cov teeb meem koj tab tom ntsib.
- Nco ntsoov tias kev puas siab puas ntsws yuav tsum tsis yog qhov ua rau txaj muag lossis txaj muag, thiab tsis yog nrhiav kev kho rau teeb meem xws li OCD. Yog tias koj tus menyuam tau mob ntshav qab zib lossis mob vwm lossis mob qog noj ntshav, koj puas yuav nrhiav kev kho mob, puas yog? OCD tsis txawv.
