Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tias tus mob npaws yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob cab uas kis tau los ntawm kev yoov tshaj cum. Malaria feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau ib puag ncig chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo, yog li koj tsis tuaj yeem ntes nws yog tias koj nyob hauv huab cua sov. Kev tshawb fawb qhia pom cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm tus mob npaws yog kub cev, ua daus no, thiab cov tsos mob zoo li ua npaws, tab sis koj tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem yog tias koj tsis kho. Yog koj xav tias koj muaj malaria, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd koj thiaj tuaj yeem pib kho.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 2: Paub txog Tus Mob Malaria
Kauj Ruam 1. Saib kom kub taub hau
Ib ntawm thawj cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim nrog tus mob malarial yog kub taub hau, yam tsawg kawg 102 ° F (38.9 ° C). Nws tseem yog ib qho ntawm thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum ntxov li xya hnub (txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm 10 - 15 hnub) tom qab raug yoov tshaj cum tom. Feem ntau ua npaws tuaj thiab mus tsis tau. Qhov no tau xav tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob malaria kis mus rau hauv cov ntshav los ntawm daim siab.
- Muaj tsawg kawg tsib hom Plasmodium cab uas kis rau tib neeg, txawm hais tias P. falciparum (feem ntau yog nyob hauv Africa) thiab P. vivax (feem ntau hauv Latin America thiab Asia) feem ntau yog cov neeg tuag taus.
- Ua npaws thiab lwm yam tsos mob thawj zaug tuaj yeem ua rau me me thiab ua rau tsis kis tus kab mob hnyav, xws li khaub thuas thiab khaub thuas.
- Feem ntau cov tsos mob tsis tshwm sim li ntawm ob lub lis piam tom qab raug tom.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua kom pom ntawm qhov ua rau tshee hnyav
Lwm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm malaria yog tshee tshee hnyav nrog lub sijhawm tawm hws. Ib zaug ntxiv, tshee tshee yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau hom kab mob sib kis, tab sis feem ntau lawv hais ntau dua thiab mob hnyav nrog mob npaws. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov hniav sib tham thiab tseem tiv thaiv kev tsaug zog. Thaum lawv mob hnyav, qhov tshee tuaj yeem yuam kev rau qaug dab peg. Kev ua kom txias los ntawm tus mob npaws yog feem ntau tsis kho los ntawm daim pam lossis hnav khaub ncaws sov.
- Txawm hais tias thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob malaria feem ntau pib nyob rau ob peb lub lis piam tom qab raug tus kab mob yoov tshaj cum, qee hom kab mob malarial parasites tuaj yeem pw hauv lub cev ntev txog li ib xyoos lossis ntau dua.
- Cov tsos mob malarial yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis los ntawm poj niam Anopheles yoov tshaj cum, uas txhaj cov cab mus rau tus tswv tsev cov ntshav. Cov cab tom qab ntawd tsiv mus rau lub siab qhov chaw uas lawv pw tsis tau ib lub lim tiam lossis ob hnub ua ntej ua rau muaj tsos mob.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib xyuas mob taub hau thiab mob leeg
Qhov thib ob thiab tsis tshua muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob npaws yog mob taub hau-rau-mob hnyav, feem ntau ua ke nrog mob nqaij me me. Cov tsos mob theem ob no feem ntau tshwm sim luv luv tom qab cov tsos mob tseem ceeb saum toj no raws li tus kab mob xav tau sijhawm me ntsis ntxiv kom nthuav dav hauv lub siab thiab kis thoob plaws lub cev hauv cov ntshav. Mob taub hau thiab mob leeg kuj tseem tshwm sim ntau nrog rau lwm yam kab mob, nrog rau los ntawm kev raug lwm yam kab thiab kab laug sab.
- Qhov tom los ntawm poj niam Anopheles yoov tshaj cum tsis pom zoo (me me, liab, khaus khaus), tsis zoo li lwm yam kab thiab kab laug sab tom uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws.
- Thawj qhov mob taub hau ntawm malaria feem ntau tsis zoo li qub (zoo li mob taub hau), tab sis raws li cov kab mob cab pib kis thiab rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab, lawv tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov hnyav (zoo li mob taub hau).
- Qhov mob hnyav feem ntau pom tau zoo hauv txhais ceg thiab nraub qaum vim tias lawv loj dua, nquag dua thiab tau txais cov ntshav ntau ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ntshai tsam ntuav nrog raws plab
Lwm yam tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb cov tsos mob ntawm malaria yog ntuav thiab raws plab, ntau zaus hauv ib hnub. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim ua ke nrog ib leeg, uas ua piv txwv thawj cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom zaub mov thiab lwm yam kab mob sib kis. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog qhov ntuav/raws plab tshwm sim los ntawm zaub mov lom ploj mus li ob peb hnub, thaum nws tuaj yeem nyob li ob peb lub lis piam nrog mob npaws (nyob ntawm kev kho mob).
- Tsis zoo li qhov mob plab thiab ntshav ntshav ntawm qee cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb yog Shigella, feem ntau tsis muaj ntshav lossis mob hnyav nrog mob npaws.
- Thaum cov tsos mob thawj thiab theem ob pom pom, tus kab mob ua npaws tuaj yeem pom hauv qab lub tsom iav los ntawm kev tso cov ntshav muaj kab mob - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov hnoos qeev tau ua nrog Giemsa stain.
Kauj Ruam 5. Paub txog cov tsos mob tshwm sim
Yog tias cov kev mob tshwm sim thawj thiab theem ob tsis ua rau tus neeg muaj mob mus nrhiav kev kho mob thiab kho mob (uas tej zaum yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau hauv ntiaj teb kev txhim kho), tom qab ntawd cov tsos mob pib tshwm uas qhia tias raug mob loj / ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj. Thaum cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob malaria no tshwm sim, yuav muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thiab tuag coob ntxiv.
- Kev tsis meej pem, ntau qhov qaug dab peg, tsis nco qab thiab lub paj hlwb puas qhia tias lub paj o tuaj thiab raug mob.
- Cov ntshav tsis txaus, ntshav txawv txav, ua pa tob tob thiab ua pa nyuaj ua pa qhia tau tias muaj ntshav ntau ntxiv thiab mob ntsws koom nrog.
- Jaundice (tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag daj) yog pov thawj ntawm lub siab puas thiab ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
- Lub raum tsis ua haujlwm
- Mob siab tsis ua hauj lwm
- Shock (ntshav siab heev)
- Tus po loj
Ntu 2 ntawm 2: Nkag Siab Qhov Risk Factors
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov cheeb tsam uas tsis tau txhim kho
Qhov kev pheej hmoo loj tshaj plaws los ntawm kev mob malaria yog nyob hauv lossis taug kev mus rau cov teb chaws sov uas muaj tus kab mob sib kis.
- Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev pheej hmoo tshaj plaws yog African lub tebchaws sab qab teb ntawm Sahara Desert, feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob sab Asia, Haiti, Solomon Islands thiab Papua Tshiab Guinea.
- Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob (CDC) kwv yees tias 90% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg tuag tus mob malaria tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Africa - feem ntau yog cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua tsib xyoos.
- Kwv yees li 1, 500 tus neeg mob npaws tau kuaj pom hauv Asmeskas txhua xyoo, feem ntau yog cov neeg rov qab los.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ceev faj tshwj xeeb yog tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog
Cov neeg uas tsis muaj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog lossis tshwj xeeb yog cov muaj feem kis tau los ntawm Plasmodium parasites thiab tsim tus mob npaws. Pawg no suav nrog cov menyuam mos, menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua tsib xyoos, poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg mob HIV/AIDS. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob mus rau cov tebchaws uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab yog tias koj nyob hauv pab pawg no thiab/lossis tsis coj menyuam yaus nrog koj.
- Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob malarial, uas txhais tau tias feem coob ntawm cov neeg raug tom los ntawm yoov tshaj cum tsis tuaj yeem kis tus kabmob lossis tsim tsuas yog cov tsos mob me me xwb.
- Cov tshuaj ntxiv uas tuaj yeem txhawb koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob suav nrog: cov vitamins A, C thiab D, zinc, selenium, echinacea, nplooj txiv ntseej extract thiab hauv paus astragalus. Nco ntsoov tias cov no yuav tsis tiv thaiv kab mob npaws los yog nws qhov tshwm sim.
Kauj Ruam 3. Zam cov ntshav tsis huv
Plasmodium parasites uas ua rau malaria feem ntau kis rau lub siab, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov qe ntshav liab hauv ntshav. Yog li ntawd, tib neeg tseem tuaj yeem kis tus mob npaws los ntawm kev kis tau cov kab mob (kis) cov ntshav. Hom kev sib kis zoo sib xws vim yog cov ntshav tsis huv suav nrog kev tso ntshav, sib faib koob txhaj tshuaj thiab yug menyuam (los ntawm tus niam muaj mob rau nws tus menyuam hauv plab).
- Hemophiliacs thiab cov neeg uas poob ntshav ntau los ntawm kev raug mob yog qhov pheej hmoo pheej hmoo ntawm malaria los ntawm kev hloov ntshav, tshwj xeeb yog tias lawv nyob hauv Africa lossis Asia.
- Malaria tsis suav tias yog STD (kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev), txawm hais tias muaj qhov me me ntawm kev cog lus nws los ntawm kev coj ua kev sib deev yog tias cov ntshav los ntawm ib tus khub nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm lwm tus.
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv kev tiv thaiv yog tias taug kev mus rau thaj chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tom los ntawm yoov tshaj cum Anopheles, zam kev kis mus rau sab nraum zoov ntau dhau; hnav lub tsho ntev, ris ntev, thiab npog daim tawv nqaij kom ntau li ntau tau; hnav cov tshuaj tua kab uas muaj N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) lossis picaridin); nyob twj ywm hauv qhov chaw kuaj xyuas zoo lossis chav cua txias; thiab pw hauv cov nets txaj kho nrog tshuaj tua kab (xws li permethrin). Ib qho ntxiv, tham txog kev noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Qee yam tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais qhia suav nrog chloroquine, atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone), artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem), mefloquine (Lariam), quinine, quinidine, doxycycline, clindamycin thiab artesunate (tam sim no tsis muaj ntawv tso cai hauv Asmeskas)
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
- Thaum mus ncig txawv teb chaws mus rau cov teb chaws sov, zam kev yoov tshaj cum tom los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab rau koj cov tawv nqaij thiab siv tshuaj tua kab tua kab.
- Cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tab tom ua haujlwm los tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws, txawm hais tias nws tseem tsis tau muaj.
- Ntau tus kab mob npaws npaws tau dhau los ua kev tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj feem ntau siv los kho tus kab mob.
Lus ceeb toom
- Malaria yuav tsum tau suav hais tias yog tus kabmob uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog koj xav tias koj muaj tus mob npaws, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim.
- Malaria muaj cov tsos mob uas zoo ib yam nrog rau lwm cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim ntau dua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas koj qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj tsis ntev los no tau mus rau thaj chaw muaj kab mob npaws, vim tias tsis yog mob npaws yuav yog qhov ua rau tsis tshua pom tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob tshwm sim no, thiab yuav tsis xav txog thaum ntxov.
