Kev tshawb fawb qhia tias malaria yog tshwm sim los ntawm kab mob parasite thiab kis los ntawm tom ntawm tus poj niam yoov tshaj cum kis. Cov yoov tshaj cum kis tus kab mob tom qab tom tus neeg kis tus kab mob malaria, uas tom qab ntawd kis mus rau tib neeg tom ntej nws tom. Kab mob npaws yog tshwm sim hauv ntau dua 100 lub tebchaws, thiab nyob ib ncig ntawm 300 lab tus tib neeg tau kis tus kab mob thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo. Cov kws tshaj lij ceeb toom tias yog tias koj tau mus rau lub tebchaws muaj tus kab mob thiab koj tab tom qhia pom tus mob malaria, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd kom pib kho.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Paub txog Malaria
Kauj Ruam 1. Pom cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob npaws
Muaj qee cov tsos mob tshwm sim uas tshwm sim thaum koj kis mob malaria. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj qee qhov lossis tag nrho cov tsos mob no ntawm qee kis thaum koj mob. Cov tsos mob muaj xws li:
- Ua npaws kub uas txawv ntawm 101 txog 104 ° F (38.3 txog 40 ° C)
- Kev ua daus no thiab ua rau lub cev ua rau mob hnyav, hu ua mob hnyav
- Mob taub hau
- Tawm hws
- Disorientation txog koj tus kheej thiab qhov chaw nyob
- General tsis meej pem
- Mob lub cev
- Ntuav
- Raws plab
- Jaundice, lossis daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas tshwm sim vim yog cov qe ntshav tawg
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub qhov chaw malaria tshwm sim
Muaj ib feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb uas muaj tus mob malaria ntau, hu ua malaria-endemic countries. Cov tebchaws no suav nrog feem ntau ntawm Africa tshwj tsis yog thaj tsam feem ntau sab qaum teb thiab yav qab teb, thaj tsam sab qaum teb thiab nruab nrab ntawm South America, Is Nrias teb thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig, thiab ntau lub tebchaws Pacific Island. Kab mob npaws tseem muaj tab sis tsis kis thoob plaws hauv Asia, feem ntawm nruab nrab South America, sab hnub poob Mexico, thiab feem ntau ntawm Central America.
- Txawm hais tias mob npaws yog kis nyob hauv cov tebchaws no, nws tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw uas muaj qhov siab thiab qhov qab zib, tshwj tsis yog hauv oases. Nws kuj tseem tsis tshua muaj thaum lub caij txias dua.
- Nyob rau thaj tsam ze ntawm kab rov tav, nws kub xyoo puag ncig, uas txhais tau tias mob npaws yog ntau dua thiab koj tuaj yeem cog lus nws txhua xyoo.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tos kom pom cov tsos mob tshwm sim
Lub sijhawm sib kis, lossis sijhawm ua ntej cov tsos mob tshwm sim, feem ntau yog xya mus rau 30 hnub txij li lub sijhawm koj tau yoov tshaj cum tom. Qee hom kab mob npaws malaria tuaj yeem pw tsis tau thiab tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob txog li plaub xyoos tom qab koj raug tom. Cov cab no tseem nyob hauv daim siab tab sis thaum kawg nkag mus rau cov qe ntshav liab.
Kauj Ruam 4. Txheeb xyuas kab mob npaws
Koj tuaj yeem kuaj pom tus mob malaria txawm koj nyob qhov twg los xij. Muaj kws kho mob paub thiab tuaj yeem paub cov tsos mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Txhawm rau kuaj mob, ib qho ntshav me me yuav raug ntsuas thiab ntsuas nyob hauv lub tshuab tsom iav. Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj seb puas muaj cov cab nyob hauv koj cov qe ntshav liab. Nov yog qhov kev ntsuas tseeb tshaj plaws, txij li koj tuaj yeem pom cov kab mob muaj sia nyob hauv koj cov ntshav ntshav.
- Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm cov tib neeg poob rau lwm tus kab mob khaub thuas thaum tiv thaiv kab mob npaws.
- Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov kws kho mob tsis tau kawm txog kev siv tshuaj kho cua sov, uas ua rau kev kuaj mob malaria tsis tuaj yeem 60% ntawm lub sijhawm.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ceev faj txog kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb
Cerebral malaria yog theem pib tshwm sim ntawm malaria. Cov kab mob npaws npaws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau cov ntshav-lub hlwb teeb meem, uas yog ib qho teeb meem tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog mob npaws. Yog tias koj muaj tus mob malaria hauv lub cev, koj yuav ntsib kev tsis meej pem, qaug dab peg, hloov pauv kev nco qab, tus cwj pwm txawv txav, thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv hauv kev nkag siab.
Mus tom tsev kho mob tam sim yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Tiv Thaiv thiab Kho Kab Mob Malaria
Kauj Ruam 1. Siv kev ceev faj ntxiv
Muaj qee qhov kev ceev faj koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus mob npaws, tshwj xeeb yog hauv cov tebchaws uas muaj tus mob npaws. Thaum siv sijhawm lossis pw nraum zoov, ib txwm siv yoov tshaj cum. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv yoov tshaj cum uas tuaj yeem kis tau tom koj. Kuj sim tshem tawm lossis zam cov pas dej uas sawv ntsug. Cov no siv los ua chaw rau yoov. Nco ntsoov tias koj tseem siv tshuaj tua kab ntau yog tias koj npaj yuav tawm sab nraud yam tsis muaj netting.
Kauj Ruam 2. Noj tshuaj tiv thaiv
Yog tias koj npaj yuav taug kev mus rau thaj chaw uas muaj tus mob npaws ntau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tau mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob yam tsawg li plaub txog rau rau lub asthiv ua ntej koj mus. Lub sijhawm no, lawv yuav zoo li yuav sau tshuaj rau kev tiv thaiv tus kabmob npaws, uas yuav pab txo qis qhov koj yuav kis tus kabmob npaws.
Cov no yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej, sijhawm, thiab tom qab koj mus ncig
Kauj Ruam 3. Kho tus mob npaws
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev kho tus mob npaws yog kom nws ntxov. Mus ntsib kws kho mob txhawm rau kuaj mob li ntawm 24 txog 72 teev tom qab koj kis tau tus kab mob lossis thaum koj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Muaj ntau yam tshuaj uas koj tuaj yeem noj tau, uas yuav siv sijhawm tsawg kawg yog xya hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm koj yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav ntawm koj kis thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm koj lub cev tau cuam tshuam. Txhua yam tshuaj malaria muaj kev nyab xeeb rau menyuam. Tej zaum cov tshuaj uas koj yuav tau hais qhia muaj xws li:
- Mefloquine
- Atovaquone-proquinal
- Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
- Quinine
- Clindamycin
- Doxycycline
- Chloroquine
- Primaquine
- Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, txawm hais tias nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem tsis tau raug tshem tawm
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim
Txij li cov kws kho mob hauv Asmeskas tsis paub txog teeb meem malaria, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntxiv yog tias koj nyob ntawd. Yog tias koj rov qab los hauv Asmeskas thiab kub taub hau vim li cas, ncaj qha mus rau chav kho mob xwm txheej ceev lossis kws kho mob lub chaw haujlwm. Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tias koj tau mus ncig qhov twg thiab koj xav tias mob npaws yog li lawv tuaj yeem kho koj sai.
- Kev ncua sijhawm kuaj mob tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. 60% ntawm kev kuaj mob tau ncua vim tias kuaj mob malaria zoo li lwm yam kab mob. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, ib txwm muab keeb kwm txaus ntawm qhov chaw koj tau mus ncig hauv lub xyoo dhau los lossis ob xyoos.
- Yog tias koj kis mob malaria, koj yuav mus pw hauv tsev kho mob kom cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug.
Lub tswv yim
- Cov niam tuaj yeem kis tus mob malaria los ntawm kev xeeb tub, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem kis los ntawm niam mis.
- Koj yuav tsum tau so thiab tsaug zog los pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm koj lub cev. Tsis muaj kev pw txaus txaus yog txuas rau kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tuaj yeem ua kom ntev dua koj lub sijhawm kho.
- Malaria tsis tuaj yeem hla dhau los ntawm kev kov, yog li tsis txhob txhawj xeeb txog kev sib kis los ntawm kev kov.
- Muaj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas nyuam qhuav tau pom zoo siv rau cov menyuam yaus hauv cov neeg mob malaria-kis thoob plaws tebchaws Africa. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem qhia kev cog lus los ntawm cov koom haum xws li UNICEF hauv kev tiv thaiv cov neeg tuag coob heev ntawm malaria hauv Africa. Nws kuj tseem yuav pom zoo rau cov neeg laus tom qab kev sim siab ntxiv.
