Leukemia yog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov qe ntshav uas pib hauv pob txha pob txha. Txheeb cais qhia tias muaj 2000-3000 tus menyuam cuam tshuam nrog mob qog noj ntshav txhua xyoo. Nws yog mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Raws li American Cancer Society, tseem tsis tau paub txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau thaum yau. Txij li feem ntau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav qab zib tsis tau paub txog qhov muaj feem yuav pheej hmoo tiag tiag, kev tiv thaiv hauv kev txhim kho cov kab mob ntshav qab zib tsis paub meej tab sis koj tuaj yeem sim cov hauv qab no.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 4: Zam Kev Txom Nyem Muaj Peev Xwm
Kauj Ruam 1. Khaws koj tus menyuam kom deb ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntau
Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia pom tias tib neeg kis rau hluav taws xob ntau yog qhov pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav. Ib qho piv txwv zoo ib yam yog Hiroshima cov neeg raug foob pob tawg. Lawv kis mus rau atomic foob pob hluav taws ua rau lawv muaj feem kis mob qog noj ntshav ntau.
- Txawm tias txhaj tshuaj tsawg hauv xoo hluav taws xob, kuaj CT, lossis kho hluav taws xob ua rau muaj feem yuav txhim kho mob qog noj ntshav. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum zam qhov rov tshwm sim dua rau cov kev sim no thiab kev kho mob kom ntau li ntau tau.
- Cov kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob raug hluav taws xob rau cov neeg mob.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tsis txhob nthuav tawm koj tus menyuam mus rau benzene
Benzene yog lub hauv paus tshuaj rau tsim lwm yam tshuaj xws li roj av, roj nplua nyeem, thiab tshuaj tua kab. Nws nqa cov ntxhiab tsw qab uas tuaj yeem nqus tau yooj yim ib zaug nqus tau. Nws kuj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thaum raug. Tus nqi ntawm cov kab mob leukemia, tshwj xeeb yog AML, siab dua rau cov tib neeg raug rau benzene.
- Kev kis mob mus ntev ua rau kom muaj cov tshuaj benzene txaus ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj hauv lub cev. Tsis txhob ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv rau benzene xws li chaw muag roj av thiab cov chaw ua luam yeeb.
- Cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb tshiab tau ua rau txo qis cov ntsiab lus benzene hauv cov khoom xws li roj av. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom txo cov chaw siv roj av thiab cov roj av nkig.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb lossis siv luam yeeb nyob ib puag ncig koj tus menyuam
Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj benzene raug vim tias benzene tawm hauv cov pa luam yeeb. Lwm yam tshuaj muaj kuab lom kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv cov luam yeeb.
- Kev haus luam yeeb thib ob nthuav tawm ib tus neeg rau benzene ib yam.
- Cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg haus luam yeeb yog kom txiav luam yeeb tam sim no thiab cawm lwm tus txoj sia ib yam nkaus. Rau cov tsis haus luam yeeb, zam kev haus luam yeeb ntawm txhua tus nqi.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ceev faj ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog qee yam kev siv tshuaj kho mob
Cov menyuam yaus kho nrog chemo rau lwm hom mob qog noj ntshav muaj kev pheej hmoo loj dua ntawm kev txhim kho mob qog noj ntshav thib ob zoo li mob Myeloid Leukemia uas tshwm sim hauv 5-10 xyoo ntawm kev kho mob.
- Alkylating cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau yog tus ua txhaum rau kev mob qog noj ntshav thib ob tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob. Cov tshuaj no txuas nrog pawg alkyl cuam tshuam uas ua rau DNA ntawm cov cell.
- Muaj qhov xwm txheej nce ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob leukemia nrog cov pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj no.
- Nws raug nquahu los tham txog txoj kev kho mob kom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob thaum mus kho tshuaj.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tsis txhob haus cawv thaum cev xeeb tub
Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias leej niam leej twg haus cawv thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav nce ntxiv hauv lawv tus menyuam hauv plab.
Ntu 2 ntawm 4: Ua Kom Koj Tus Menyuam Noj Qab Nyob Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Pub koj tus menyuam noj zaub mov zoo
Txhawb cov menyuam kom xaiv kev noj qab haus huv yuav ua rau lawv lub cev muaj zog thiab tsis muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav. Raws li MD Anderson Cancer Center koj tuaj yeem sim cov hauv qab no los pab koj cov menyuam noj zaub mov zoo.
- Ntxiv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub sib txawv rau koj tus menyuam noj.
- Npaj npaj noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub rau khoom noj txom ncauj.
- Zaub puree thiab ntxiv raws li cov kua ntsw tshaj cov nplej zom.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txhawb koj tus menyuam kom nquag
Kev tawm dag zog ua kom lub cev zoo thiab ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv tag nrho. Nco ntsoov kom koj cov menyuam tsawg kawg 60 feeb ntawm kev tawm dag zog lub cev.
- Txwv TV thiab yees duab ua si.
- Txhawb tsheb kauj vab lossis taug kev thaum sawv ntxov.
- Sau npe menyuam rau chav kawm xws li chaw kho mob ntaus pob lossis kawm seev cev.
Kauj Ruam 3. Xyuas kom koj tus menyuam tau pw txaus
Lub cev rov zoo tshaj thaum pw tsaug zog. Kev kho cov hlwb puas pib thaum lub sijhawm no kom rov zoo.
-
Kev tsaug zog txaus yuav ua kom lub cev muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab muaj roj zoo tiv thaiv kab mob, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tiv thaiv kab mob Leukemia hauv Menyuam Kauj Ruam 8 - Feem ntau, cov menyuam xav tau pw ntau. ib rau peb xyoos xav tau 12 txog 14 teev, plaub rau rau rau xyoo xav tau 10 txog 12 teev, xya mus rau kaum ob xyoos xav tau 10 txog 11 teev thiab cov hluas xav tau 8 txog 9.
Ntu 3 ntawm 4: Paub txog Cov tsos mob Thaum Ntxov
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav cov cim ntawm kev qaug zog
Kev qaug zog yog cov tsos mob tshwm sim tshaj plaws. Lub ntsej muag thiab tawv nqaij thiab ua pa nyuaj nrog kev siv me ntsis tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog. Cov tsos mob no qhia tias cov qe ntshav liab tsis nqa cov pa txaus mus rau tag nrho lub cev. Lub ntsws, lwm yam kabmob tseem ceeb, thiab cov leeg ua haujlwm tau txais cov pa oxygen tsawg los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau dua. Qhov no yog txheej txheem them se ntau heev los txhawb nqa thiab ua rau muaj kev xav ntau dhau.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ceev faj txog kub taub hau
Ua npaws yeej tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis zoo hauv. Kev sib ntaus sib tua tas li ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv cov kab mob leukemia ua rau kub cev tsis tu ncua.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nug koj tus menyuam seb lawv puas muaj mob pob txha
Cov pob txha pob txha yog cov nqaij mos hauv cov pob txha. Qhov mob pob txha yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kom cov pob txha txhaws nrog cov kab mob leukemia.
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib kom yooj yim nqaij tawv thiab los ntshav
Yooj yim tawv nqaij, los ntshav ntau zaus ntawm cov pos hniav thiab qhov ntswg, taw qhia cov pob liab liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov no yog cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tsawg ntawm cov platelet ib txwm hauv lub cev.
Kauj Ruam 5. Xav tias muaj cov nqaij mos, me me nyob hauv qab daim tawv nqaij
Cov mos mos, me me tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv ib feem ntawm lub cev. Cov qog yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov kab mob leukemic pom hauv qab thaj chaw cuam tshuam.
Kauj Ruam 6. Saib xyuas kom tsis qab los noj mov
Tus po yog lub qhov ntxa rau cov ntshav uas tuag lawm. Leukemia nce kev tuag ntawm cov qe ntshav thiab ua rau cov ntshav txhaws. Yog li ntawd, tus po tau loj tuaj. Qhov ze ntawm tus po rau lub plab ua lub luag haujlwm poob qhov qab los. Tus kab mob loj zuj zus nias ntawm lub plab kom ua rau lub siab xav puv ntoob. Qhov no piav qhia qhov tsis qab los noj mov.
Kauj Ruam 7. Khaws taug qab ntawm qhov poob phaus
Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntshav qab zib ua rau muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav. Ib lub xovtooj ntawm tus mob hu ua qog necrosis factor (cachectin). Cachectin yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev poob phaus.
Kauj Ruam 8. Ceev faj yog tias koj tus menyuam tab tom muaj kev tawm hws hmo ntuj
Ua npaws yog qhov lus teb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qog ntshav. Ua npaws ntev ntev hloov pauv lub peev xwm ntawm lub hlwb kom tswj tau lub cev kub. Lub paj hlwb cov txheej txheem tsis raug lees paub tias lub cev lub cev ib txwm kub dhau thiab siv hmo ntuj tawm hws ua ib txoj hauv kev tso cua sov.
Kauj Ruam 9. Nrhiav cov qog hauv puab tais, hauv qab, thiab caj dab
Cov qog ua rau lub qog ua qog. Cov qog ntshav yog cov tub ceev xwm ntawm lub cev. Lawv kaw cov kab mob uas tsis xav tau, kab mob, thiab cov khoom txawv teb chaws xws li cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiab txhawb lawv kom tshem tawm. Hauv qhov no, cov qog ntshav ua rau cov kab mob leukemia thiab sim tshem tawm lawv.
Kauj Ruam 10. Txheeb xyuas qhov mob lossis qhov mob ntawm sab laug ntawm lub plab
Cov hnoos qeev yuav dhau mus thiab nthuav dav tias qhov mob tau tsim tawm. Qhov no feem ntau yws nyob rau sab laug ntawm lub plab qhov chaw uas feem ntau tus spleen nyob.
Ntu 4 ntawm 4: Kho Kab Mob Ntshav Qab Zib
Kauj Ruam 1. Muab koj tus menyuam hla txoj kev kho tshuaj
Raws li American Cancer Society, txoj kev kho tseem ceeb rau cov mob ntshav qab zib thaum yau yog kev siv tshuaj kho mob. Rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav ntau dua, tau muab tshuaj kho mob nrog rau kev hloov pauv qia cell.
- Kev siv tshuaj khomob tsuas yog tuaj yeem kho txhua tus thiab AML kis. Kws kho mob tau zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv TXHUA qhov 50% ntawm cov neeg mob tau kho. CML thiab CLL tsis teb zoo rau cov tshuaj siv tshuaj kho mob.
- Qhov teeb meem loj ntawm cov tshuaj siv tshuaj kho mob yog tias nws tua ob qho tib si thiab cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Kuj tseem yuav muaj kev thim rov qab thaum cov qog nqaij hlav cancer rov tshwm sim txawm tias kho mob. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb siv hauv kev kho mob yog cytarabine thiab anthracycline.
- Cytarabine ua haujlwm los ntawm kev cuam tshuam DNA kev sib txuas ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim cov cell tshiab tau tso tseg. Anthracycline puas DNA cov protein thiab cuam tshuam DNA sib txuas ntawm cov noj qab haus huv thiab cov qe ntshav ntshav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kos npe rau koj tus menyuam rau kev hloov pauv qia cell
Tus pub dawb noj qab haus huv lub qia cell tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau tus neeg mob leukemia los ntawm txoj kev pob txha pob txha. Hauv txoj kev no, cov qia hlwb tshiab muaj zog txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov qe ntshav tshiab, noj qab nyob zoo.
Pob txha pob txha yog tib lub hauv paus hloov pauv ntawm tes yam tsis muaj kev sib cav. Lwm lub hauv paus qia cell (xws li embryos) tau ntsib nrog kev xav sib xyaw hauv kev kho mob
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab koj tus menyuam noj zaub mov tsis zoo
Nov yog hom kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb uas muaj lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv tus neeg mob los ntawm cov zaub mov uas muaj cov kab mob thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau kis mob. Cov qe ntshav ntawm cov neeg mob tsis muaj cuab yeej zoo los tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob tau zoo. Qee cov lus qhia yooj yim kom ua raws li kev noj zaub mov neutropenic yog:
- Zam cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab zaub nyoos. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab nplooj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tuaj yeem tev tawm xws li txiv tsawb, txiv kab ntxwv qaub, thiab txiv kab ntxwv muaj kev nyab xeeb rau noj. Cov zaub ua tiav, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub hauv kaus poom, thiab kua txiv muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv.
- Ib txwm noj cov nqaij thiab ntses kom zoo. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj kev hem thawj xws li Salmonella tuaj yeem kis tus neeg mob.
- Tsuas yog siv cov khoom siv mis pasteurized. Pasteurization yog tus txheej txheem kub ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj phem hauv cov khoom siv mis.
- Zam cov khoom noj zaub xam lav, cov txee khoom noj, thiab cov txee sashimi. Xaiv cov zaub mov siav txhua lub sijhawm.
- Nco ntsoov tias dej muaj kev nyab xeeb rau haus. Distilled, boiled, thim rov qab osmosis lossis lim dej tau pom zoo.
