Kev kuaj ntshav sai thiab huv si yog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb rau cov kws kho mob, kws saib xyuas mob, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lab, lossis cov kws kho mob phlebotomists. Ntau cov venipunctures yog ib txwm ua, tab sis qee zaum koj tuaj yeem ntsib qee qhov leeg ntshav nyuaj. Nyeem los ntawm tus lej naj npawb ib hauv qab no rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm tsoo cov leeg.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Ua kom cov leeg ntshav pom ntau dua
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub tourniquet tau siv kom raug
Ua ntawv thov siv lub tourniquet nce cov ntshav hauv cov hlab ntshav kom lawv sawv ntsug ntau dua. Lub tourniquet yuav tsum tsis txhob nruj heev uas nws txiav tawm kev ncig.
- Lub tourniquet yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm caj npab li plaub ntiv tes saum cov leeg.
- Cov ntshav siab cuff uas tau nce mus rau 40-60 mm Hg kuj ua haujlwm zoo.
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab lub pob sov lossis lub raj mis dej tso rau ntawm thaj chaw
Kev sov siab yuav ua rau tus neeg mob cov hlab ntshav nthuav dav thiab nthuav dav, ua rau lawv pom yooj yim dua.
Kauj Ruam 3. Siv cov txheej txheem palpation kom raug
Contrary to nrov kab lis kev cai, koj yuav tsum palpate caj npab, es tsis npuaj nws. Kev npuaj tawv nqaij yog txheej txheem tsis zoo uas yuav ua rau muaj hematoma. Siv koj tus ntiv tes ntsuas txhawm rau nrhiav cov leeg, uas zoo nkaus li mos thiab mos. Tsis txhob siv koj tus ntiv tes xoo, vim nws muaj nws tus kheej mem tes.
- Lub ntim sov lossis lub raj mis dej yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm thaj chaw ua ntej nws tau tua kab mob. Tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv yuav tsum kov thaj tsam tom qab nws tau tua kab mob.
- Tsis txhob siv lub pob sov lossis lub raj mis dej ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhwv nws hauv daim ntaub nyias nyias kom tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab. Yog nws mob, nws kub heev.
Kauj Ruam 4. Qhia tus neeg mob kom so
Coob leej neeg muaj rab koob phobias thiab tshee tshee thiab ntshai yog qhov lus teb ib txwm muaj. Kev nyuab siab tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau cov hlab ntshav nyuaj rau ntaus, tab sis nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem (tshwj xeeb yog rau cov txheej txheem biochemistry). Reassure koj tus neeg mob thiab piav qhia tias qhov mob yog luv heev thiab me.
- Qhia rau koj tus neeg mob sim ua kom pom kev thiab ua pa tob.
- Saib xyuas koj tus neeg mob thiab kom lawv pw ntawm lawv nraub qaum yog tias koj xav tias lawv yuav tsaus muag. Qhov no yuav txhim kho cov ntshav ntws mus rau lawv lub taub hau. Nws tseem txo lawv txoj kev ntog thiab ua rau lawv tus kheej raug mob yog tias lawv dhau mus.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Noj Ntshav Los Ntawm Qhov Paum
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas tus neeg mob cov ntaub ntawv
Txheeb xyuas tus neeg mob lub npe, hnub yug thiab yog vim li cas rau cov ntshav thiab kos daim ntawv lo kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj qhov ua yuam kev. Mislabeling tuaj yeem ua rau nyuaj ua lossis txawm tias teeb meem kev nyab xeeb nyob hauv kab.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav cov leeg
Sab hauv ntawm lub luj tshib feem ntau yog qhov chaw nyiam dua vim tias cov hlab ntshav nruab nrab nruab nrab feem ntau pom tau yooj yim.
- Cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab nruab nrab nruab nrab ntawm cov leeg thiab tej zaum yuav pom meej meej raws li lub ntsej muag xiav nyob sab hauv ntawm koj lub luj tshib. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem pom nws feem ntau tuaj yeem hnov. Nws kuj tseem nkag tau yooj yim vim tias cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig nws tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev txav deb ntawm rab koob.
- Tsis txhob kos ntshav los ntawm qhov chaw uas koj cov leeg ntshav sib faib lossis koom ua ke. Ua li ntawd ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntshav hauv qab daim tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cheeb tsam
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ib txwm yog 70 feem pua cawv. So thaj tsam uas tsawg kawg yog ob centimeters los ntawm ob centimeters rau yam tsawg ib nrab feeb. Tom qab ib pliag lossis ob zaug nws yuav qhuav.
- Dej cawv zoo dua li iodine vim tias yog tias iodine nkag rau hauv cov ntshav nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov muaj txiaj ntsig uas lab yuav tab tom nrhiav. Yog tias koj siv iodine, ua raws nws nrog 70% cawv swab.
- Cia cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom qhuav ua ntej tso lub koob. Tsis txhob tshuab los yog kiv cua nrog koj txhais tes vim qhov no yuav kis mus rau thaj chaw.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua cov tshuaj venipuncture
- Thauj tog rau nkoj cov hlab ntshav los ntawm rub cov tawv nqaij hauv qab cov leeg nruj. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm dov.
- Ntxig lub koob rau ntawm 15 mus rau 30 degree kaum thiab tom qab ntawd tuav nws tseem thaum khaws cov ntshav.
- Sau cov raj sau nrog cov ntshav, ua raws qhov kev txiav txim kos raws li tau teev tseg los ntawm koj lub chaw kuaj mob.
- Tso lub tourniquet tom qab 1 feeb thiab ua ntej tshem rab koob. Tawm hauv lub tourniquet rau ntev dua li ib feeb yuav cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav cov ntshav liab, tej zaum yuav hloov pauv qhov kev sim. Tshem tawm rab koob thaum lub tourniquet tseem nyob ntawm yuav ua rau mob.
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv lub siab rau thaj tsam qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj rau 5 feeb tom qab rab koob tawm mus kom tsis txhob los ntshav
Kauj Ruam 6. Muab rab koob tso rau hauv ib lub thawv uas muaj zog, muaj kab mob biohazard
Kauj Ruam 7. Txheeb ob daim ntawv lo rau ntawm lub raj kom paub tseeb tias raug
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Kev daws teeb meem
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav lwm txoj hlab ntshav yog tias cov hlab ntshav nruab nrab tsis pom
Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem pom cov leeg ntshav sab hauv ntawm lub luj tshib ntawm ob sab caj npab, nrhiav lwm tus.
- Tsiv mus rau ntawm caj npab saib rau cov hlab ntsha basilic lossis cov hlab ntshav cephalic. Cov hlab ntshav no tseem tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kom tus neeg mob txo lawv txhais caj npab thiab ua lub nrig kom cov leeg pom tseeb.
- Cov hlab ntsha cephalic khiav raws sab radial ntawm lub xub pwg. Cov hlab ntsha basilic khiav ntawm sab ulnar. Cov hlab ntsha basilic tsis tshua siv ntau dua li cephalic. Nws yog qhov yuav tshwm sim ntau dua los ntawm rab koob dua li cov hlab ntshav cephalic vim tias nws tsis tau tuav nruj los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig nws.
- Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov leeg ntshav, nrhiav cov hlab ntshav metacarpal nyob tom qab ntawm txhais tes. Lawv feem ntau pom tau zoo thiab tuaj yeem palpated. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau cov neeg laus vim tias daim tawv nqaij tsis zoo li qub thiab tsis txhawb nqa cov leeg ib yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov leeg leeg lawv tus kheej ua rau tawg yooj yim dua.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshaj tawm cov chaw kom zam
Tsis txhob kos ntshav los ntawm thaj chaw uas:
- Nyob ze tus kab mob
- Muaj caws pliav
- Muaj qhov kub hnyiab zoo
- Nyob ntawm caj npab uas nyob ib sab ib yam li qhov chaw uas tus neeg mob tau phais mastectomy lossis fistula
- Ua pob txha
- Nyob saum ib kab IV
- Nyob ntawm caj npab qhov twg tus neeg mob muaj lub cannula, fistula, lossis vascular graft
Kauj Ruam 3. Kho qhov koob tsis raug
Qee zaum, koj yuav ntsib teeb meem nrog rab koob, xws li mus dhau mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg lossis muab nws tso rau ntawm qhov qis dhau ntawm lub kaum ntse ntse (yog li lub bevel tawm tsam phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntshav thiab cuam tshuam cov ntshav ntws).
- Rub rab koob rov qab me ntsis yam tsis tshem nws tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Hloov lub kaum ntawm rab koob thaum nws tseem nyob hauv qab daim tawv nqaij kom nws tuaj yeem tso rau hauv cov hlab ntshav.
Kauj Ruam 4. Muab tso tseg thiab kom ib tus npoj yaig ua tus txheej txheem yog tias koj qhov kev sim zaum thib ob tsis ua tiav
Cov txheej txheem hauv ntau lub chaw soj nstuam hais tias phlebotomists yuav tsum sim ua lub qhov txhab ob zaug, thiab kom lwm tus neeg ua nws yog ob qho kev sim ua tsis tiav.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lus ceeb toom
- Txhua yam ntaub ntawv uas tau ua paug nrog cov ntshav yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg rau hauv lub thawv ntim biohazard uas tiv taus qhov txhab, xws li lub thawv Sharps.
- Cov khoom siv ib zaug xws li koob yuav tsum tsis txhob siv dua.
