Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas koj tuaj yeem pab tus hlub uas muaj kev puas siab ntsws, suav nrog txoj hauv kev los pab lawv tswj kev ntxhov siab thiab sib tham tau zoo. Yog tias tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws yog ib tus neeg hauv tsev neeg, koj kuj tuaj yeem pab tsim kom muaj chaw nyob zoo nyob hauv tsev.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 5: Tsim Tus Phooj Ywg Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Tsim kom muaj thaj chaw uas tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws xav tau so
Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau cov tib neeg autistic ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab lossis ntxhov siab, yog li tsim cov chaw nyob ntsiag to tuaj yeem pab lawv nyob ntsiag to.
- Thaum lawv tab tom nrhiav qhov chaw zaum, qhia ib qho uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg heev (piv txwv li tig mus deb ntawm chav ua noj nrov nrov)
- Tsiv kev sib tham mus rau qhov chaw ntsiag to
- Xaiv ib cheeb tsam uas tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws tuaj yeem thim rov qab thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab ua kom nws nyob twj ywm
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua ib lub sijhawm
Cov neeg muaj kev puas hlwb yuav muaj lub sijhawm nyuaj nrog kev hloov pauv yam tsis tau xav txog hauv lub neej-rau-ib hnub. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem txhawb lawv txoj kev xav ntawm kev ruaj ntseg. Thaum hloov pauv rau cov txheej txheem no, tag nrho hnub tuaj yeem raug pov tseg tag nrho, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, ntshai, npau taws, lossis tawg. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia kom ua kom ruaj khov:
- Pab lawv tsim sijhawm. Lub sijhawm qhib tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas seb yam haujlwm twg yuav tshwm sim nyob rau txhua ntu ntawm ib hnub.
- Saib xyuas daim ntawv qhia hnub. Muab nws tso rau hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb thiab nkag mus tau yooj yim, xws li phab ntsa hauv chav tsev neeg.
- Cov duab kos duab (kos duab lossis kos duab) tuaj yeem ua rau daim ntawv qhia hnub zoo li ntxim nyiam thiab ntxim nyiam
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab kev ceeb toom rau koj tus hlub kom txaus kom lawv tuaj yeem hloov kho rau txhua lub sijhawm hloov pauv
Txhawm rau npaj koj tus hlub rau qhov kev hloov pauv no, koj yuav tsum sim npaj qhov xwm txheej nrog lawv kom lawv paub tias nws yuav los
- Piv txwv li, tus kws kho hniav lub sijhawm teem tuaj yeem hloov koj tus neeg lub sijhawm. Muab qhov xwm txheej no rau ntawm koj tus hlub ib daim ntawv qhia hnub thiab tham nrog lawv ua ntej. Thaum lawv yuav tsis zoo siab txog lawv lub sijhawm hloov pauv, lawv yuav tsawg kawg yog npaj.
- Sim tso cov dej num ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, yog tias lawv muaj lej sib ntsib nyob rau hnub Tuesday thiab Hnub Thursday thaum 3:00, npaj lwm yam ntxiv thaum 3:00 (piv txwv li kev taug kev hauv tsev neeg) kom lawv ib txwm muaj qee yam dej num ntawm lub sijhawm.
Kauj Ruam 4. Teem sijhawm ncua sijhawm tom qab muaj teeb meem lossis them se
Tom qab ib hnub tsis khoom hauv tsev kawm ntawv, kev sib ntsib hauv zej zog, kev teem caij ntsib, lossis kev tawm mus, tus neeg tsis muaj peev xwm xav tias yuav nkees. Lub sijhawm siv ua cov haujlwm ntsiag to (nyeem ntawv, ua si, nyiam tshwj xeeb) yuav pab lawv rov ua kom zoo dua qub thiab nyob sib luag.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj lub tswv yim ntawm kev so yuav tsis phim lawv lub tswv yim ntawm kev so.
- Thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv, sim teem sijhawm ib yam dab tsi zoo tom qab hloov pauv kev ntxhov siab. Piv txwv, tom qab teem sijhawm kws kho mob, cia koj tus tub muaj sijhawm so kom txog thaum noj hmo.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txiav txim seb yam kev txhawb siab ua rau tsis xis nyob
Cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws feem ntau tawm tsam nrog Kev Nyuaj Siab Ua Haujlwm Tsis Zoo, ua rau lub paj hlwb tsis zoo uas nkag siab tau zoo ib yam rau lwm tus neeg tej zaum yuav hnov kev cuam tshuam, tsis xis nyob, lossis tseem mob rau tus kheej. Nkag siab tias qhov kev nkag siab no tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej lossis tsis xav ua, thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab tiag tiag.
- Tham nrog koj tus hlub txog qhov kev txhawb siab. Pom qhov ua rau tsis xis nyob, lossis nug. Lawv yuav muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem hais qhia qhov tsis xis nyob, lossis muab tswv yim rau koj. Txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem yog dab tsi, thiab sim nrhiav txoj hauv kev ib puag ncig lawv.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tus viv ncaus hluas tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov qab ntawm cov tshuaj txhuam hniav, sim pab nws xaiv qhov tsw me me (piv txwv li menyuam yaus cov pos hniav) tshuaj txhuam hniav ntawm lub khw.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias txhua yam kev kho mob muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis yuam kev
Qee qhov kev kho tus mob vwm, tshwj xeeb yog kev hloov tus cwj pwm zoo li ABA, tuaj yeem ua rau Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder yog tias lawv ua tsis raug. Qee qhov kev kho mob tau tsim los txhawm rau ua txhaum tus neeg mob lub siab nyiam, lossis yuam kom lawv ua "ib txwm muaj." Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub siab puas heev.
- Zam kev sim lossis ua raws kev kho raws.
- Tus neeg muaj kev puas hlwb yuav tsum muaj peev xwm hais "tsis" thiab so.
- Kev kho yuav tsum tsis txhob koom nrog quaj, quaj, ua phem, lossis thov kev pab.
- Yog tias koj xav tias kev kho mob ntau dhau, txaus ntshai, lossis mob, nres nws. Yog tias koj tsis yog neeg laus, qhia rau tus neeg laus, lossis tshaj qhia rau tub ceev xwm.
Kauj ruam 7. Koom nrog kev tawm dag zog rau hauv lawv lub neej txhua hnub.
Kev tawm dag zog tuaj yeem muab qhov hluav taws xob rau lub zog ntau dua (yog tias lawv xav tau txhawb ntxiv), tuaj yeem qhia lawv rau kev xav hauv lub cev kom nyab xeeb thiab tswj tau txoj hauv kev, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv txoj kev xav thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb. Nrhiav ib qho haujlwm uas lawv nyiam, thiab lo nrog nws.
Cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws yuav ua tau zoo dua hauv kev ua kis las ib leeg, lossis hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj kev sib tw. Txawm tias taug kev tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem yog qhov zoo rau koj tus hlub
Kauj Ruam 8. Txhawb kev nyiam tshwj xeeb
Cov kev nyiam tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem muab qhov chaw nkaum rau cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws, txhim kho cov txuj ci tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, tus kws sau ntawv hluas yuav kawm paub qhov kev thuam), thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev txaus siab nyiam lossis ua haujlwm. Nws tseem txhawb kom tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws ua tus kheej.
- Xaiv cov khoom ua si cuam tshuam nrog kev txaus siab
- Sib tham txog lawv cov kev txaus siab rau lub sijhawm zoo, xws li thaum caij tsheb (Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua qauv sib tham sib tham los ntawm kev nug cov lus nug)
- Pab lawv kawm paub ntau ntxiv ntawm cov phau ntawv nyeem
- Qhia tias lawv koom nrog cov koom haum thiab cov haujlwm uas cuam tshuam nrog kev txaus siab, vim tias kev sib raug zoo yuav tsis txaus ntshai yog tias lawv nyiam cov ncauj lus sib tham
Ntu 2 ntawm 5: Tuav Meltdowns
Kauj Ruam 1. Kawm kom pom cov qauv hauv meltdowns
Paub txog koj txoj kev hlub ib tus neeg tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej uas muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab tshem tawm nws ua ntej kev ntxhov siab mus txog qhov kub npau npau. Xav txog kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv teev cia ntawm qhov ua rau poob los pab tiv thaiv yav tom ntej.
Piv txwv li, mus rau lub tsev noj mov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab rau menyuam yaus. Qee zaum tshem lawv tawm ntawm ib puag ncig li ob peb feeb yog txaus los pab lawv nyob twj ywm
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub cov cim ceeb toom ntawm kev sib tsoo
Meltdowns yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txhim kho kev nyuab siab hauv cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws, thiab kev kho mob zoo tshaj yog kev tiv thaiv. Nov yog txoj hauv kev kom pom thaum lub caij ntuj qhuav tuaj txog:
- Kev chim siab
- Muaj ntau cov lus qhia hais lus muab rau lawv ib zaug.
- Ua tim khawv tsis ncaj ncees
- Mob/mob siab dhau stimuli
- Kev hloov pauv hauv niaj hnub
- Tsis muaj peev xwm nkag siab lossis sib tham tau zoo
TSWV YIM TSHUAJ
Luna Rose
Community Expert Luna Rose is an autistic community member who specializes in writing and autism. She holds a degree in Informatics and has spoken at college events to improve understanding about disabilities. Luna Rose leads wikiHow's Autism Project.
Luna Rose Kws Tshaj Lij Zej Zog
"
Luna Rose, tus tswvcuab hauv zej zog autistic, ntxiv: "Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tus phooj ywg muaj lub sijhawm nyuaj nrog lub suab nrov nrov, tej zaum nws yog qhov zoo rau dai ib qhov chaw ntsiag to. lawv lub pob ntseg tau npog. Qhov kawg yog lub cim ntawm teeb meem. Koj tus phooj ywg tej zaum yuav tsum tau tawm mus txhua qhov chaw ntawm no, vim tias qee yam tsis ua haujlwm."
Kauj Ruam 3. Pab cuam sai sai rau sawv cev ntawm tus neeg tsis txawj xav
Koj tus neeg hlub yuav tsis paub tias kev nyuaj siab raug tsim los, lossis tej zaum tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog nws. Tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab, thiab nug dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam rau lawv.
- Coj lawv tawm sab nraud kom so.
- Kom lawv nyob deb ntawm cov neeg coob lossis lwm yam kev nyuaj siab.
- Tsis txhob tso qhov xav tau ntawm lawv. Yog tias lwm tus neeg ua li ntawd, thov kom lawv muab tus neeg mob autistic so.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tam sim ua qhov kev thov kom haum
Cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws tau siv los qhia rau lawv tias lawv xav tau ntau dua lossis hnyav, yog li yog lawv thov kom hloov qee yam, tej zaum yuav ua rau lawv mob lossis ntxhov siab tiag.
Tsis txhob tuav lawv cov kev xav tau ua qhev. Txawm hais tias lawv tsis siv lawv cov lus lossis hais thov thov kom raug, xav tias nws yog qhov xwm txheej ceev. Koj tuaj yeem qhia lawv txog kev xa khoom kom raug thaum lawv tsis nyob ze qhov muag
Kauj Ruam 5. Coj lawv mus rau qhov chaw sov
Sim coj lawv mus nraum zoov, lossis coj lawv mus rau lawv lub hauv caug kom nyob ntsiag to. Qhov no yuav muab sijhawm rau lawv los so qhov chaw uas lawv tsis nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm tib neeg thiab kev txhawb siab.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua siab ntev, ua siab ntev, thiab nkag siab
Tsis txhob qw lossis liam lawv rau qhov tawg. Lawv feem ntau xav tias txaj muag heev thiab txaj muag txog kev tswj tsis tau, thiab ua rau lawv mob zuj zus yuav tsuas yog ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev nqig.
Zam cov neeg coob coob lossis saib cov neeg. Nug lawv kom nres nws, lossis tau txais tus neeg muaj kev puas hlwb nyob qhov twg tsawg dua rau pej xeem
Kauj Ruam 7. Txhawb kom muaj kev nyab xeeb
Stimming (aka tus cwj pwm txhawb tus kheej) yog ib txoj hauv kev los txhawb kev nkag siab, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau neeg nyob ntsiag to heev. Piv txwv muaj xws li rocking, tes flapping, dhia, thiab fidgeting. Nov yog qee txoj hauv kev los txhawb tus neeg autistic kom txhawb:
- Muab lub rooj zaum pov tseg (yog tias muaj)
- Nqa lawv cov khoom ua si nyiam tshaj thiab/lossis daim pam hnyav.
- Nug txog qhov kev txhawb siab uas lawv nyiam siv rau tus kheej nyob ntsiag to (piv txwv li "Koj puas xav npuaj koj txhais tes?")
- Muab tus dais puag
- Tsis txhob txiav txim rau lawv rau qhov saib txawv txawv, thiab yog tias leej twg lwm tus tsis pom zoo rau tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws tus kheej siv zog, siv koj cov lus lossis tsom iav kom qhia rau lawv paub tias qhov no tsis tuaj yeem lees txais
TSWV YIM TSHUAJ
Luna Rose
Community Expert Luna Rose is an autistic community member who specializes in writing and autism. She holds a degree in Informatics and has spoken at college events to improve understanding about disabilities. Luna Rose leads wikiHow's Autism Project.
Luna Rose Kws Tshaj Lij Zej Zog
Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias lawv lub cev txhais li cas, nug.
Luna Rose, kws tshaj lij hauv zej zog, qhia peb:"
Kauj Ruam 8. Thaum koj tus neeg hlub nyob ntsiag to dua, kov lub hauv paus, thiab nrhiav seb dab tsi ua rau lub meltdown
Txhawb kom muaj kev ncaj ncees, tsim kev sib tham. Tsom ntsoov rau qhov ua rau, thiab lawv yuav ua dab tsi (thiab koj!) Tuaj yeem ua kom tsis txhob muaj xwm txheej zoo sib xws yav tom ntej.
- Yog tias lub khw muaj neeg coob xa koj tus ntxhais los kua muag, sim npaj qhov kev mus ncig thaum lub khw yuav tsis muaj neeg coob, nqa pob ntseg pob ntseg thiab txhawb cov khoom ua si, lossis tso lawv nyob hauv tsev.
- Yog tias xov xwm hais txog kev ua phem ua rau ua rau koj tus kwv tij tawg, hais qhia rau koj niam koj txiv tias lawv tsis txhob tso xov xwm thaum hmo ntuj, thiab pab nws so kom txaus.
Ntu 3 ntawm 5: Sib Txuas Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub txog tias kev sib txuas lus yuav nyuaj
Kev hais lus ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem sib txawv los ntawm hom lus tsis yog lub cev, thiab cov tib neeg tsis muaj peev xwm yuav tsis ib txwm paub tias kev qhia lossis piav tes piav tes txhais li cas.
- Tsis txhob cia siab tias ntsib qhov muag. Cov neeg tsis paub qab hau feem ntau ua tib zoo mloog thaum lawv tsis tas yuav saib tib neeg qhov muag.
- Cia siab tias fidgeting thiab txav txawv txav.
- Kawm paub koj tus neeg hlub lub hauv paus, thiab lawv lub cev lus tshwj xeeb txhais li cas.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tsis txhob nyuab siab rau lub suab thiab lub cev lus
Vim yog qhov tsis meej pem txog hom lus ntawm lub cev, tus neeg tsis txawj xav yuav zoo li yuav tsis tsim cov lus cev uas haum rau qhov nws xav. Qhov no kuj yog rooj plaub nrog cov laus. Vim li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ceeb toom koj tus kheej kom tsis txhob nyeem rau lossis tsis txaus siab los ntawm cov lus tsis zoo lossis lub cev lus uas tau hais rau koj.
- Piv txwv li, koj tus hlub lub suab yuav zoo li luv thiab tsis tsim nyog, tab sis lawv yuav nyob hauv qhov kev xav zoo.
- Saib lawv cov stim yuav muab cues. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug tub tsuas yog npuaj teg thaum nws zoo siab, qhov no tej zaum yog qhov cim uas ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj ib qho tsis yog lawm.
- Txawm hais tias lawv chim, nws yuav tsis yog koj li kev txhaum. Piv txwv li, tus dev yws tej zaum tau ua rau lawv nyob ntawm ntug txhua hnub.
TSWV YIM TSHUAJ
Luna Rose
Community Expert Luna Rose is an autistic community member who specializes in writing and autism. She holds a degree in Informatics and has spoken at college events to improve understanding about disabilities. Luna Rose leads wikiHow's Autism Project.
Luna Rose Kws Tshaj Lij Zej Zog
Paub tias nws tsis yog nug.
Luna Rose, tus tswv cuab hauv zej zog autistic, ntxiv:"
Kuv xav tias qee tus neeg txhawj xeeb tias lawv yuav hais qee yam tsis raug, tab sis lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb heev.
Yog tias koj hais meej tias koj lub hom phiaj yog nkag siab zoo dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, uas koj paub, koj tus phooj ywg tej zaum yuav tsis xav teb cov lus nug ntawd."
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag siab tias kev ua kom hnov lus tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem
Qhov no txhais tau tias thaum tus neeg tsis muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm nkag siab cov lus, nws yuav nyuaj rau lawv lub hlwb kom txhais cov lus hais rau lawv lub ntsiab lus kom sai li sai tau. Ntsuas lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov lus qhia lossis cov npe ntev. Lawv yuav xav tau cov ntawv qhia, lossis nws tsuas xav tau sijhawm ua haujlwm ntau dua ua ntej teb.
- Lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem nco qab cov npe hais lus, thiab xav tau sau thiab/lossis cov npe teev npe ib yam.
- Muab sijhawm rau lawv los xav thiab txheej txheem. Tej zaum lawv yuav qeeb dua los teb.
- Lawv yuav zoo dua ntawm kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv dua li ntawm kev hais lus sib tham.
Kauj Ruam 4. Sim tsim qhov chaw ntsiag to los tham hauv
Koj tus neeg hlub yuav nyuaj rau kev sib txuas lus hauv cov chaw tsis khoom uas muaj suab nrov ntau. Hauv qhov chaw uas muaj coob tus neeg tham, koj tus neeg hlub tuaj yeem ntxhov siab thiab ntxhov siab. Hloov chaw, sib tham nrog lawv nyob hauv ib puag ncig uas nyob ntsiag to uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim.
- Yog tias chav muaj neeg coob, txav mus rau lwm qhov.
- Sim siv AAC yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem txav mus (piv txwv li hom lus kos duab, kab kos duab, lossis ntaus ntawv).
Kauj Ruam 5. Xav txog kev tsom mus rau kev txhim kho txuj ci kev sib raug zoo
Kev tsom mus rau tsom yog kev qhia paub uas tuaj yeem pab koj tus hlub los tsim cov tswv yim rau kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus neeg. Hom kev qhia no qhia tib neeg kom nkag siab txog kev xav thiab kev xav. Kev cob qhia kom pom tseeb feem ntau ua tiav hauv pab pawg, txawm hais tias nws tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv kev sib tham ib leeg. Thaum kho, koj tus hlub yuav cia siab txhim kho cov tswv yim rau kev tswj hwm kev xav, kev txawj tham, daws teeb meem, thiab kev txawj phooj ywg.
- Kev cuam tshuam kev txhim kho kev sib raug zoo (RDI) yog daim ntawv nrov.
- Tsis yog txhua pab pawg muaj txuj ci txuj ci qhia txuj ci muaj txiaj ntsig. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tus hluas nkauj gay cov pab pawg txawj sib tham tsom mus rau heteronormativity, qhov no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
Ntu 4 ntawm 5: Qhia Txuj Ci Tseem Ceeb
Kauj Ruam 1. Qhia cov txuj ci kom nyob ntsiag to
Raws li "Kev Nyuaj Siab Hauv Ntiaj Teb" txoj kev xav ntawm kev puas hlwb, lub ntiaj teb tuaj yeem dhau los ua kev txaus ntshai lossis cuam tshuam rau cov neeg muaj kev puas hlwb, thiab lawv yuav xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntxiv hauv kev kawm los daws nws. Cov kev ua no yuav suav nrog:
- Xyaum ua pa tob tob
- Suav kom nyob kaj siab lug
- Tuav ib qho khoom ua si lossis khoom nyiam kom txog thaum nws hnov zoo
- Qee yam qias neeg
- Yoga, xav, lossis ncab
- Kev so nrog suab paj nruag lossis hu nkauj
Kauj Ruam 2. Qhia koj tus neeg hlub kom tiv thaiv meltdowns los ntawm kev thov kev pab
Cov kab lus xws li "Kuv xav tau so, thov" lossis "Kuv puas tuaj yeem mus rau kuv lub ces kaum?" tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb Kev zam kev meltdowns dhau los ua yooj yim dua thaum koj tus neeg hlub tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas lawv tus kheej qhov ua rau thiab thov kev pab hauv kev nqis tes ua.
- Txhawb nqa tus cwj pwm no los ntawm kev hwm qhov kev thov tam sim ntawd.
- Yog tias lawv nyuam qhuav kawm paub yuav ua li cas, ua tsaug rau lawv uas tau hais tawm. "Ua tsaug rau koj qhia rau kuv paub tias lub suab nrov nrov ua rau koj pob ntseg! Tam sim no kuv tuaj yeem pab koj nrhiav pob ntseg, thiab koj tuaj yeem tos sab nraud nrog koj tus nus thaum kuv tawm mus."
Kauj Ruam 3. Qhia cov menyuam txog kev xav siv flash card, phau ntawv, thiab tsos
Cov ntawv piv txwv tuaj yeem pab cov tib neeg muaj autistic nkag siab tias lwm tus xav li cas, thiab vim li cas lawv thiaj xav li ntawd. Nws tso cai rau tib neeg autistic los tshuaj xyuas kev xav ntawm qhov nyob nyab xeeb.
- Yog tus menyuam tsis nkag siab cov lus yooj yim, sim qhia lawv nrog daim npav ntsaws.
- Nug "Koj xav tias tus cwj pwm no zoo li cas tam sim no?" thaum ntawv lossis tsos. Muab tswv yim yog tias tus neeg tsis paub meej.
- Kuj sim ua txuj ci kev sib raug zoo: "Koj puas xav tias nws yog lub tswv yim zoo rau nws ua li ntawd? Tsis yog? Dab tsi yuav yog lub tswv yim zoo?"
- Nrhiav kev qhia uas yog kev lom zem thiab kev kawm sib xyaw, xws li My Little Pony.
Kauj Ruam 4. Teeb lub hom phiaj kev sib raug zoo
Paub txog tias koj tus neeg hlub ib txwm tsis yog lub neej ntawm tog, thiab qhov ntawd yog lawm. Tsom ntsoov rau yam lawv xav ua: tej zaum lawv xav ua ob tus phooj ywg zoo, lossis muaj ib tus neeg ua si nrog thaum so. Tailor kev sib raug zoo rau lawv lub siab nyiam, tsis yog koj li.
Kauj Ruam 5. Qhia tus menyuam txog kev tham txog lawv cov kev nyiam tshwj xeeb
Cov menyuam yaus muaj tus kheej yuav mob siab rau txog lawv cov kev txaus siab, thiab yog li yuav tsis nco ntsoov thaum lawv tab tom tswj hwm kev sib tham, lossis paub tias lawv tus khub xav hloov qhov kev kawm. Qhia koj tus menyuam li cas:
- Nug cov lus nug kom koom nrog lwm tus ("Hnub no ua haujlwm zoo li cas, Niam?")
- Qhia seb leej twg tsis khoom
- Ntsuas seb puas muaj leej twg txaus siab
- Cia qhov kev sib tham hloov chaw
- Mloog
- Paub thaum monologuing yog lub tswv yim zoo (piv txwv li thaum ib tus neeg xav kawm txog lawv qhov kev txaus siab)
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua txuj ci kev sib raug zoo
Nco ntsoov, tus neeg tsis txawj xav tau kawm tas li thiab loj hlob, thiab koj yog ib tus ntawm lawv tus qauv. Coj tus cwj pwm uas koj xav kom lawv coj, thiab lawv yuav ua raws koj qab.
- Ua tib zoo mloog rau tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws, thiab nug cov lus nug.
- Thaum ntxhov siab lossis qaug zog, ua raws li qhov koj xav kom tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws ua. So so yog xav tau. (Nws tsis ua li cas!)
- Qhia kev khuv leej. Tsis txhob ua ib yam dab tsi rau ib tus neeg uas muaj autistic uas koj yuav tsis ua rau tus neeg tsis muaj kev puas siab ntsws.
- Kho lawv txoj kev xav tias muaj txiaj ntsig thiab siv tau.
Kauj Ruam 7. Muab kev qhuas qhuas
Cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab, uas tuaj yeem txhais tau tias txo qis kev ntseeg tus kheej. Txhawb lawv tus kheej kev hwm los ntawm kev lees paub lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab qhuas lawv cov kev siv zog kom loj hlob. Ua kom pom tseeb tias koj txaus siab rau lawv.
- Kev qhuas tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov lus zoo, puag, siv sijhawm ua ke, lossis sijhawm dawb ntxiv.
- Thaum qhuas yog qhov zoo, tsis txhob qhuas qhuas raws li lub hom phiaj kawg. Yog tias ib tus neeg dhau los ntawm kev qhuas, lawv yuav dhau los ua neeg nyiam, thiab tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa ciam teb.
Kauj Ruam 8. Qhia txuj ci tus kheej
Cov neeg muaj kev puas hlwb yuav tsum kawm paub yuav ua li cas sawv rau lawv tus kheej, lees paub lawv cov kev xav tau, thiab hais tias "tsis" thaum lawv tsis xav tau dab tsi. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb, vim tias lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau raug ua phem.
- Cia lawv tsis kam lees yam. ("Kuv tsis xav tau lub tsho loj. Nws mob!")
- Qhuas lawv rau kev qhia lawv cov kev xav tau. ("Ua tsaug rau koj qhia rau kuv paub tias lub suab paj nruag nrov heev. Kuv yuav tso tseg tam sim ntawd.")
- Muab kev xaiv rau lawv thiab txhawb kev xav.
- Zam kev ua raws kev kho mob, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lawv lub peev xwm hais tsis tau.
- Thaum koj tus hlub hais tias "tsis yog," mloog. Tsis yog dab tsi? Yog tias qee yam tsis yooj yim sua, koj puas tuaj yeem tshem qhov uas ua rau nws tsis txaus siab, lossis tawm tsam qhov kev sib cav uas lawv zoo siab? Tsuas yog tsis quav ntsej tus "tsis" hauv qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj qab haus huv lossis kev nyab xeeb.
- Cov hluas thiab cov neeg laus tuaj yeem tau txais kev txawj los ntawm pab pawg txhawb nqa tus kheej xws li ASAN lossis Autism Cov Poj Niam Network. (Txawm li cas los xij, ceev faj txog kev qhia lawv rau cov pab pawg no yog tias lawv nkag siab zoo, vim tias cov teeb meem kev ntxub ntxaug, kev tsim txom, thiab kev tsim txom tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lawv kev pw tsaug zog.)
Ntu 5 ntawm 5: Nkag Siab Txog Kev Mob Hlwb
Nkag siab txog kev puas hlwb yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj, vim tias kev puas hlwb yog ib qho kev xiam oob khab thiab txhua tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws tshwj xeeb.
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub txog tias kev puas hlwb yog ib qho kev xav sib txawv
Autism muaj ntau yam kev sib txawv uas txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus. Txij li thaum autism yog kev xiam oob qhab kev loj hlob, kev sib txuas lus thiab kev paub hauv zej zog zoo li yog qhov nyuaj. Cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb sib txawv.
Autism tsis yog kab tawm los ntawm "me me" mus rau "hnyav." Nws cuam tshuam ntau qhov chaw sib txawv hauv ntau txoj kev. Piv txwv li, tej zaum koj tus phooj ywg lom zem thiab zoo siab rau kev txhawb nqa tib neeg, thiab muaj teeb meem loj nrog kev saib xyuas tus kheej thiab kev nkag siab zoo. Ib tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws tuaj yeem muaj zog hauv ib cheeb tsam thiab tsis muaj zog hauv lwm tus
Kauj Ruam 2. Xav txog koj tus kheej qhov kev nyiam ua tau zoo thiab muaj teeb meem
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab koj tus neeg hlub tus tsos mob. Thaum koj nkag siab qhov kev sib tw nyob qhov twg, koj tuaj yeem tsom cov cheeb tsam ntawd. Tshawb nrhiav seb yam twg muaj zog uas koj tus hlub muaj, thiab lawv ntsib teeb meem dab tsi. Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom no tseem ceeb heev thaum xaiv cov kev kho mob thiab cov txheej txheem daws teeb meem.
Kauj Ruam 3. Paub txog kev puas hlwb
Nws yog qhov zoo kom paub cov cim dav dav, thiab cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws xav li cas txog kev puas hlwb.(Cov koom haum autistic-khiav thiab blog feem ntau yog cov peev txheej zoo.) Nov yog qee qhov cim ntawm kev puas hlwb:
- Kev txawj tsav tsheb yuav raug ncua
- Kev nkag siab nyuaj thiab cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus
- Nyuaj nyuaj nkag siab cov ntsiab lus siv cov lus (piv txwv li sarcasm, ua piv txwv)
- Cov kev nyiam tshwj xeeb uas txawv txawv ntawm qhov ua kom pom tseeb thiab mob siab rau
- Tshaj- lossis qis-rhiab rau ntau yam kev txhawb zog (suab, pom, hnov tsw, thiab lwm yam)
- Nyuaj nrog kev saib xyuas tus kheej
- Rov ua tus cwj pwm, tshwj xeeb yog txhawb siab
Kauj Ruam 4. Nkag siab tias txhua tus neeg lub hom phiaj autistic sib txawv
Ib tus neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws xav xav tsom mus rau kev txhim kho kev txawj saib xyuas tus kheej kom nyob ntawm lawv tus kheej, thaum lwm tus yuav xav ua phooj ywg. Lwm tus tuaj yeem ua tau zoo nrog kev ua neej nyob hauv kev pab, lossis tsis ua phooj ywg ntau dua. Paub txog tias koj lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua neej nyob zoo yuav txawv ntawm lawv lub tswv yim, thiab nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas lawv tuaj yeem muaj kev zoo siab.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txais lawv raws li lawv yog
Cov neeg tsis paub qab hau tsis txaj muag, tawg, lossis tsis zoo-tsuas yog sib txawv. Es tsis txhob hais tias "Kuv thaum kawg yuav zoo siab thaum kuv tus hlub _," xyaum ua kom zoo siab tam sim no, thiab pib koj txoj kev taug ua ke. Ua kom pom kev hlub yam tsis muaj kev txwv, yog li lawv tuaj yeem hlub lawv tus kheej.
Lub tswv yim
- Nco ntsoov tias ib feem ntawm tus neeg lub sijhawm tuaj yeem suav nrog qee qhov kev saib xyuas tus kheej tsis zoo, zoo li hnav tib lub cev txhua hnub ntawm lub lim tiam.
- Muaj kev sib cav tseem ceeb nyob ib puag ncig txawm hais tias "tib neeg-thawj" lossis "tus kheej-thawj" lus yog qhov zoo dua-hauv lwm lo lus, txawm tias cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws xav kom raug hu ua "autistic" lossis "autistic individuals" lossis "cov tib neeg muaj autism" lossis "cov tib neeg uas muaj autism. " Kab lus no siv tus kheej-thawj hom lus ("tib neeg autistic"), vim tias nws nyiam nyob hauv zej zog autistic. Nug koj tus hlub uas lawv nyiam yam lus twg, thiab hwm qhov kev nyiam ntawd.
- Yog tias koj yog tus neeg mob hlwb ib yam, qhia rau lawv paub yog tias koj muaj tus cwj pwm tshwj xeeb lossis teeb meem zoo ib yam nrog lawv (tab sis tsis txhob xav tias koj ua).
- Yog tias koj yog autistic ib yam, qhia rau lawv paub tias koj nyob ntawm lub ntsej muag yog tias koj xav tias nws ua qhov txawv rau koj kev sib raug zoo nrog lawv.
Lus ceeb toom
- Tsis txhob cuam tshuam tus neeg tsis muaj kev xav ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm lossis haujlwm yog tias lawv mob siab rau lawv tshwj tsis yog koj xav tias lawv yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev hnov lus los ntawm koj. Dab tsi zoo li ib tus neeg glued rau lub vijtsam rau koj yuav zoo li cuam tshuam rau lwm tus los ntawm kev xav, tsav tsheb, lossis ua phais rau lawv, lossis nyiam sim tham nrog ib tus neeg hauv qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv yeeb yaj kiab.
- Tsis txhob xav tias ib tus neeg muaj autistic muaj lossis tsis tau hnov koj yog tias lawv tsis teb lus. Nrhiav txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas.
- Ua rau koj lub luag haujlwm thiab kev paub meej rau tus neeg muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws hauv lo lus nug, yog li koj thiab tus neeg koj nyob nrog tsis txhob sib txuas lus tsis raug ib leeg.
- Ua siab zoo. Tsis muaj teeb meem li cas tsis zoo los yog tsis zoo lawv tau ua, cov neeg tsis xav tau xav tau koj kev txhawb nqa. Tsis txhob qw lossis ntxub; ua piv txwv zoo Ua qab zib thiab hlub.
- Nco ntsoov tias cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws tuaj nyob rau txhua qhov duab thiab qhov ntau thiab los ntawm txhua qib hauv zej zog. Tsis txhob cia siab rau qhov kev xav ntawm tus kheej ntawm tus neeg muaj kev nyuaj siab lossis haiv neeg keeb kwm yav dhau los.
- Tsis txhob xav txog tus neeg autistic lub neej, zoo li seb lawv puas muaj tus khub lossis lawv siv lawv lub sijhawm dawb li cas.
- Tsis txhob siv cov yeeb yaj kiab lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab los txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej hauv zej zog yog tias lawv hais ntau dhau, tsis raug, lossis muaj kev cia siab cuav. Dab tsi zoo li romantic hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab yuav zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg hauv lub neej tiag tiag, stunts hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab feem ntau muaj kev phom sij ntau hauv lub neej tiag, thiab txawm tias qhov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws hauv lub neej tiag tiag muab cov teeb meem uas ua rau lawv tsawg dua li cov neeg zoo nyob hauv Hollywood lossis Disney zaj duab xis
- Tsis txhob saib xyuas txoj hauv kev uas koj cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg muaj kev puas siab ntsws. Yog tias koj tsis zoo tiag tiag, lawv yuav tuaj yeem qhia.
- Nco ntsoov tias cov neeg tsis hais lus autistic tsis yog lub nra thiab cov neeg xiam oob qhab thiab/lossis kev sib txawv tsim nyog tau txais kev hwm raws li tib neeg tsis hais lawv lub tswv yim.
- Tsis txhob tso tseg tus neeg muaj kev puas hlwb los ntawm kev txhawb lossis yuam kom lawv mus ntsib qhov muag. Qhov no nyiag lawv ntawm kev paub daws teeb meem thiab cuam tshuam lawv lub hom phiaj.
- Ceev faj thaum xaiv kws kho mob. Qee tus kws kho mob siv txoj kev kho mob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau menyuam yaus lossis txawm muab PTSD rau lawv.
