Cov menyuam yaus ntshav qab zib, paub zoo tias yog hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib lossis insulin-dependant diabetes, yog kab mob uas cov txiav txiav, uas ib txwm tsim cov tshuaj insulin, tsis tsim cov tshuaj insulin. Cov tshuaj insulin yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias nws yog cov tshuaj uas tswj hwm cov piam thaj (piam thaj) hauv cov ntshav thiab pab xa cov piam thaj mus rau koj lub cell rau lub zog. Yog tias koj lub cev tsis tsim cov tshuaj insulin, qhov no txhais tau tias cov piam thaj nyob hauv koj cov ntshav thiab koj cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem dhau mus. Hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem tsim kho txhua lub hnub nyoog tab sis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg hnub nyoog qis dua 30 xyoo thiab yog hom mob ntshav qab zib thaum yau tshaj plaws Cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntshav qab zib feem ntau yog pib sai. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav qab zib tau kuaj mob sai li sai tau vim tias nws zuj zus raws sijhawm mus thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv loj, xws li lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, tsis nco qab thiab txawm tias tuag.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Pom Thaum Ntxov lossis Qhia Txog Cov tsos mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua raws koj tus menyuam txoj kev nqhis dej
Txhua qhov tsos mob ntawm hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib yog tshwm sim los ntawm hyperglycemia lossis cov piam thaj hauv lub cev, thiab lub cev ua haujlwm kom sib npaug. Kev nqhis dej ntau ntxiv (polydipsia) yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob tshwm sim tshaj plaws. Kev nqhis dej heev tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev sim yaug tawm tag nrho cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav vim nws tsis tuaj yeem siv tau (vim tias tsis muaj insulin los coj nws mus rau hauv cov cell). Koj tus menyuam yuav xav nqhis dej txhua lub sijhawm lossis tuaj yeem haus dej ntau ntau yam uas txawv tshaj li qhov lawv tau haus txhua hnub.
- Raws li cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, cov menyuam yuav tsum haus dej nruab nrab ntawm tsib thiab yim khob dej hauv ib hnub. Cov menyuam yaus (hnub nyoog 5 - 8) yuav tsum haus tsawg dua (kwv yees li tsib tsom iav), thiab cov menyuam loj dua yuav tsum haus ntau dua (yim tsom iav).
- Txawm li cas los xij, cov no yog cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws, thiab tsuas yog koj tuaj yeem paub ntau npaum li cas dej thiab lwm yam kua dej uas koj tus menyuam tau haus txhua hnub. Yog li, kev tshuaj xyuas kev nqhis dej ntau ntxiv yog txheeb ze rau qhov koj tus menyuam feem ntau siv. Yog tias lawv feem ntau haus tsuas yog kwv yees li peb khob dej thiab ib khob mis nrog noj hmo, tab sis tam sim no thov dej thiab lwm yam dej haus tas li thiab haus ntau ntau dua li ib txwm peb mus rau plaub khob ib hnub, qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb.
- Koj tus menyuam yuav hnov nqhis dej uas tsis tuaj yeem tso tawm txawm tias lawv haus dej ntau. Tej zaum lawv tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshaj tawm yog tias koj tus menyuam tso zis ntau dua li ib txwm
Ua kom cov zis ntau ntxiv, tseem hu ua polyuria, yog lub cev tau sim lim tawm cov piam thaj nrog tso zis. Tau kawg, nws tseem yog qhov ua rau nqhis dej ntau ntxiv. Raws li koj tus menyuam haus dej ntau dua, lub cev yuav tsim cov zis ntau dua, ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau dua ntawm cov zis.
- Yuav tsum ceev faj tshwj xeeb txog thaum tsaus ntuj thiab tshuaj xyuas seb koj tus menyuam tau tso zis ntau dua li ib txwm thaum ib tag hmo.
- Tsis muaj pes tsawg zaus ntawm cov menyuam tso zis ib hnub; qhov no yog nyob ntawm lawv cov zaub mov thiab dej haus thiab yog li dab tsi yog qhov ib txwm rau ib tus menyuam yuav tsis tas yuav zoo li qub rau lwm tus. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem sib piv koj tus menyuam qhov kev tso zis tam sim no txheeb ze rau nws yav dhau los. Yog hais tias feem ntau, koj tus menyuam mus rau chav da dej txog xya zaug hauv ib hnub tab sis tam sim no mus 12 zaug hauv ib hnub, qhov no ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Qhov no kuj yog vim li cas hmo ntuj yog lub sijhawm zoo rau kev soj ntsuam lossis paub txog. Yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis tau sawv thaum ib tag hmo los ua pee tab sis tam sim no nce ob, peb lossis plaub zaug hauv ib hmo, koj yuav tsum coj lawv mus rau kws kho mob kom kuaj.
- Kuj nrhiav cov cim qhia tias koj tus menyuam lub cev qhuav dej los ntawm tso zis ntau heev. Tus menyuam tej zaum yuav muaj qhov muag tsis pom kev, lub qhov ncauj qhuav, thiab poob ntawm cov tawv nqaij (sim nqa cov tawv nqaij nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm txhais tes nce mus rau hauv lub tsev pheeb suab zoo. Yog tias nws tsis thaws rov qab tam sim, qhov no yog ib qho cim ntawm lub cev qhuav dej).
- Koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib yog tias koj tus menyuam pib ntub lub txaj dua. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb yog tias koj tus menyuam twb tau kawm tiav lub tais thiab tsis tau ntub lub txaj ntev.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov poob phaus yam tsis tau piav qhia
Cov menyuam yaus muaj ntshav qab zib feem ntau ua rau poob phaus vim kev ua txhaum cov txheej txheem hauv metabolic uas txuas rau cov ntshav qab zib ntau ntxiv. Heev feem ntau qhov poob qhov hnyav yog nrawm, txawm hais tias qee lub sijhawm nws tuaj yeem nce zuj zus.
- Koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem poob phaus thiab tseem tuaj yeem tshwm ntsej muag lossis yuag thiab tsis muaj zog vim muaj menyuam yaus ntshav qab zib. Nco tseg tias kev poob ntawm cov leeg nqaij feem ntau tseem tuaj nrog qhov hnyav vim yog hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib.
- Raws li txoj cai dav dav, kev poob phaus yam tsis xav tau yuav luag ib txwm xav tau kev sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nco tseg yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj kev tshaib plab sai
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov leeg thiab cov rog tawg, nrog rau cov calories poob, ua rau los ntawm hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib ntxiv ua rau poob lub zog thiab tom qab ua rau muaj kev tshaib kev nqhis. Yog li, muaj qhov tsis sib xws nyob ntawm no - koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem poob phaus txawm tias lawv qhia pom qhov nce hauv qab los.
- Polyphagia, lossis tshaib plab heev, tshwm sim thaum lub cev tau txais cov piam thaj uas nws cov cell xav tau los ntawm cov ntshav. Koj tus menyuam lub cev xav tau zaub mov ntau dua kom tau txais cov piam thaj rau lub zog, tab sis nws ua tsis tau. Tsis muaj insulin, nws tsis txawv li cas koj tus menyuam noj; cov piam thaj los ntawm cov zaub mov yuav ntab ncig lawv cov ntshav thiab tsis txhob ua rau hauv cov cell.
- Nco tseg tias tsis muaj kev kho mob lossis txuj ci txuj ci los ntsuas koj tus menyuam txoj kev tshaib kev nqhis. Qee tus menyuam yaus noj ntau dua li lwm tus. Nco ntsoov tias menyuam yaus zoo li tshaib plab thaum lawv ntsib kev loj hlob. Koj qhov thawj koom ruam zoo tshaj yog ntsuas koj tus menyuam tus cwj pwm nrog lawv tus cwj pwm yav dhau los txhawm rau ntsuas seb lawv zoo li tshaib plab ntau dua li ib txwm muaj. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tus menyuam feem ntau tuaj tos ntawm lawv peb pluas noj ib hnub tab sis tau ob peb lub lis piam tau noj txhua yam ntawm lawv daim phaj thiab tseem thov kom ntau ntxiv, qhov no yuav yog qhov cim ceeb toom. Yog tias qhov no tau ua los ntawm kev nqhis dej ntau ntxiv thiab taug kev mus rau chav dej, nws tsis tshua muaj peev xwm tsuas yog ua cim ntawm kev loj hlob qeeb.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tshaj tawm yog tias koj tus menyuam zoo li nkees nkees txhua lub sijhawm
Qhov poob ntawm cov calories thiab piam thaj uas xav tau rau lub zog tsim khoom, ntxiv rau cov rog thiab cov leeg nqaij, feem ntau yuav ua rau nkees thiab tsis nyiam hauv kev nyiam ua si thiab kev ua si ib txwm muaj.
- Qee zaum cov menyuam yaus kuj ua rau yws yws thiab muaj kev hloov pauv mus los vim yog qaug zog.
- Ib yam li lwm cov tsos mob uas tau hais los saum no, koj yuav tsum ntsuas koj tus menyuam txoj kev pw tsaug zog raws li qhov ib txwm muaj rau lawv. Yog tias lawv feem ntau pw xya teev ib hmos tab sis tam sim no tsaug zog 10 teev thiab tseem yws yws yws lossis pom tias muaj kev tsaug zog, qeeb, lossis qaug zog txawm tias tom qab ib tag hmo pw, koj yuav tsum tau ceeb toom. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog lub cim qhia tias lawv tsis yog tsuas yog ntsib kev loj hlob lossis lub sijhawm nkees nkees, tab sis cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 6. Sau tseg yog tias koj tus menyuam yws qhov muag tsis pom kev
Cov ntshav qab zib ntau ntau hloov cov dej cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub iav qhov muag thiab ua rau lub lens o tuaj, ua rau tsaus ntuj, pos huab, lossis qhov muag tsis pom kev. Yog tias koj tus menyuam yws yws txog qhov muag tsis pom, thiab rov mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag tsis tau siv, nrog tus kws kho mob tham kom txiav tawm Hom-1 mob ntshav qab zib.
Qhov muag tsis pom kev feem ntau daws nrog kev ruaj khov ntawm cov ntshav qab zib
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Taug Qab Lig lossis Cov tsos mob tshwm sim
Kauj Ruam 1. Saib xyuas kom muaj tus kab mob rov tshwm sim
Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib muaj qib qab zib thiab piam thaj ntau dua hauv lawv cov ntshav thiab qhov chaw zais zis. Qhov no yog ib puag ncig zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob ntau ntxiv ntawm cov qe poov xab, uas ib txwm ua rau kis kab mob fungal. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, koj tus menyuam yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov tawv nqaij rov ua dua.
- Daim ntawv ceeb toom yog tias koj tus menyuam zoo li khaus ntawm qhov chaw mos. Rau cov menyuam ntxhais, koj yuav pom tias lawv tau rov kis tus kab mob hu ua paum, ua rau khaus ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab tsis xis nyob, nrog me ntsis dawb rau daj daj tsw ntxhiab.
- Lwm hom kab mob hu ua fungal uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntshav qab zib yog cov kis las ncaws pob, uas ua rau cov paug tawm dawb thiab ua rau tawv nqaij nyob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov ntiv taw thiab taw ntawm taw.
- Cov tub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv tsis tau txiav plaub hau, kuj tseem tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob hu ua fungal/poov xab nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw mos.
Kauj Ruam 2. Khaws taug qab ntawm cov tawv nqaij rov ua dua
Kev rov ua dua uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kev kis mob raws li qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm ntshav qab zib, vim nws ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Ua kom cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntshav ntxiv ua rau tsis zoo rau cov kab mob loj hlob, feem ntau ua rau muaj cov kab mob sib kis ntawm cov tawv nqaij xws li ntuav lossis ua rau lub qhov txhab, carbuncles, thiab ua rau lub qhov txhab.
Lwm qhov ntawm cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij rov ua dua yog kho qhov txhab qeeb. Txawm tias kev txiav me me, khawb lossis qhov txhab los ntawm kev raug mob me me siv sijhawm ntev heev los kho. Ua tib zoo saib rau txhua yam uas tsis kho nws tus kheej li qub
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib xyuas rau vitiligo
Vitiligo yog qhov tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, ua rau txo qis ntawm cov tawv nqaij xim melanin. Melanin yog xim uas muab rau tib neeg cov plaub hau, tawv nqaij, thiab qhov muag lawv cov xim. Nrog tshwm sim ntawm hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib, lub cev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau melanin puas tsuaj. Qhov no ua rau thaj ua rau thaj dawb.
Txawm hais tias nws tshwm sim ntau tom qab hauv chav kawm ntawm hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib thiab tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, nws yog qhov zoo dua los txiav tawm ntshav qab zib yog tias koj tus menyuam tsim cov thaj ua rau dawb
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib xyuas kom ntuav lossis ua pa hnyav
Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem nrog ntshav qab zib thaum nws nce mus. Yog tias koj pom koj tus menyuam ntuav lossis nqus pa ntau dhau, qhov no yog lub cim txaus ntshai thiab koj yuav tsum coj koj tus menyuam mus rau tom tsev kho mob tam sim rau kev kho mob.
Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem yog lub cim ntawm ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis (DKA), uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Cov tsos mob no tshwm sim sai, qee zaum hauv 24 teev. Yog tias tsis kho, DKA tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Mus ntsib kws kho mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub thaum twg los tham nrog kws kho mob
Feem ntau, hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib tau kuaj pom thawj zaug hauv chav kho mob xwm txheej ceev, thaum cov menyuam tau txais kev tso ntshav qab zib tsis nco qab lossis ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis (DKA). Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem kho nrog kua thiab insulin, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom zam qhov no tag nrho los ntawm kev sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob tam sim yog tias koj xav tias koj tus menyuam yuav mob ntshav qab zib. Tsis txhob tos koj tus menyuam dhau mus ntev ua tsaug rau DKA txhawm rau kom koj qhov kev ua xyem xyav paub tseeb. Coj koj tus menyuam mus kuaj!
Cov tsos mob uas xav tau kev kho mob tam sim ntawd suav nrog: tsis qab los, xeev siab lossis ntuav, kub cev, mob plab, ua pa tsw qab (zoo li koj tuaj yeem hnov nws tab sis koj tus menyuam yuav tsis hnov tsw nws tus kheej)
Kauj Ruam 2. Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob kom kuaj
Yog tias koj xav tias koj tus menyuam yuav muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1, mus kuaj tam sim. Txhawm rau kuaj mob ntshav qab zib koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav thov kuaj ntshav txhawm rau ntsuas seb muaj piam thaj ntau npaum li cas hauv koj tus menyuam cov ntshav. Muaj ob qhov kev sim ua tau, ntsuas hemoglobin thiab kuaj ntshav qab zib los yog yoo mov.
- Kev ntsuas Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) - Qhov ntsuas ntshav no muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog koj tus menyuam cov ntshav qab zib li ob lossis peb lub hlis dhau los los ntsuas qhov feem pua ntawm cov ntshav qab zib uas txuas nrog hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav. Hemoglobin yog cov protein uas nqa cov pa oxygen hauv cov qe ntshav liab. Thaum koj tus menyuam cov ntshav qab zib ntau dua, cov piam thaj ntau yuav txuas nrog rau hemoglobin. Ib qib ntawm 6.5% lossis siab dua ntawm ob qhov kev ntsuas sib txawv yog qhia txog ntshav qab zib. Qhov kev ntsuas no yog tus qauv ntsuas ntsuas ntshav qab zib, tswj hwm, thiab tshawb fawb.
- Ntshav Qab Zib Ntshav Qab Zib - Hauv qhov kev ntsuas no, koj tus kws kho mob coj mus kuaj ntshav ib ntus. Txawm hais tias koj tus menyuam nyuam qhuav noj lossis tsis noj, cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov qib ntawm 200 milligrams ib deciliter (mg/dL) tuaj yeem qhia txog ntshav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tshwm sim nrog lwm cov tsos mob. Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav txiav txim siab kuaj ntshav tom qab xav kom koj tus menyuam yoo mov hmo ntuj. Hauv qhov kev ntsuas no, qib ntshav qab zib los ntawm 100 txog 125 mg/dL qhia txog kev mob ntshav qab zib, thaum cov ntshav qab zib qib 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) lossis siab dua ntawm ob qhov kev kuaj cais, koj tus menyuam muaj ntshav qab zib.
- Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem thov kuaj zis kom paub tseeb Hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib. Lub neej ntawm ketones, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov rog hauv lub cev, hauv cov zis yog qhia txog hom 1, tsis zoo li Hom 2. Qhov muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov zis kuj qhia tias muaj ntshav qab zib.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tau txais kev kuaj mob thiab phiaj xwm kho mob
Thaum qhov kev xeem tiav, koj tus kws kho mob yuav siv koj tus menyuam cov txiaj ntsig kev kuaj ntshav thiab American Diabetes Association (ADA) cov qauv txhawm rau kuaj mob ntshav qab zib. Tom qab kuaj mob, koj tus menyuam yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob kom txog thaum lawv cov ntshav qab zib nyob ruaj khov. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum txiav txim siab hom insulin zoo rau koj tus menyuam nrog rau qhov tsim nyog noj tshuaj. Koj yuav zoo li yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog tus kws endocrinologist, tus kws tshaj lij hauv cov tshuaj tsis xwm yeem, txhawm rau koom tes nrog koj tus menyuam txoj kev saib xyuas ntshav qab zib.
- Thaum cov phiaj xwm kho mob insulin yooj yim rau kev tswj hwm koj tus menyuam hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib tau teeb tsa, koj yuav tsum teem sijhawm kuaj mob rau koj tus menyuam txhua ob peb hlis los rov ua qee qhov kev ntsuas saum toj no kom ntseeg tau tias koj tus menyuam cov ntshav qab zib tau zoo.
- Koj tus menyuam tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj mob ko taw thiab qhov muag tas li txij li cov no feem ntau yog qhov chaw uas cov tsos mob ntawm kev tswj tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav qab zib tau pom ua ntej.
- Txawm hais tias tsis muaj tshuaj kho ntshav qab zib, thev naus laus zis thiab kev kho mob tau tsim los zoo li cov menyuam feem ntau muaj ntshav qab zib hom 1 nyob tau zoo siab thiab noj qab nyob zoo thaum lawv paub tswj hwm lawv cov ntshav qab zib.
Lub tswv yim
- Nco ntsoov tias hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib lossis qhov uas siv los paub tias yog menyuam yaus ntshav qab zib tsis yog los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo lossis rog dhau.
- Yog tias ib tus neeg hauv tsev neeg tam sim ntawd (xws li tus viv ncaus, kwv tij, niam, txiv) muaj ntshav qab zib, tus menyuam nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yuav tsum raug coj mus rau kws kho mob tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug txij hnub nyoog 5-10 xyoos kom paub tseeb tias nws ua tsis muaj ntshav qab zib.
Lus ceeb toom
- Vim tias muaj ntau cov tsos mob (tsis qab los noj mov, nqhis dej, tshaib plab) ntawm hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib yog txheeb ze rau koj tus menyuam, lawv tuaj yeem plam tau yooj yim. Yog tias koj tseem xav tias koj tus menyuam pom cov tsos mob lossis ua ke ntawm lawv, coj lawv mus rau kws kho mob tam sim.
- Kev kuaj mob thaum ntxov, kev kho mob, thiab kev tswj ntshav qab zib hom 1 yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txhawm rau txhawm rau txo txoj hauv kev los tsim teeb meem hnyav, suav nrog mob plawv, puas paj hlwb, dig muag, lub raum puas, thiab tuag.
