Kev tshawb fawb qhia pom tias muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration (AMD) ua rau koj lub zeem muag tsis pom kev, uas ua rau koj pom meej. AMD yog qhov ua rau neeg dig muag hauv cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 60 xyoo, tab sis kev kis tus kab mob thaum ntxov tuaj yeem pab ua rau nws qeeb. Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias macular degeneration feem ntau pib nrog lub qhov muag tsis pom kev, thiab koj yuav pom cov kab ncaj ncaj li nthwv dej. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho rau AMD, koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem khaws koj lub zeem muag nrog kev kho kom raug, yog li mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm AMD
Kauj Ruam 1. Tsis txhob quav ntsej qhov muag tsis pom qhov muag
AMD cov tsos mob feem ntau pib maj mam thiab tsis muaj qhov muag mob, yog li lawv yuav nyuaj rau pom. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm AMD yog kev txhim kho qhov muag plooj nyob ze ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm koj lub zeem muag, ob lub qhov muag lossis ob qho tib si. Nrog lub sijhawm, thaj chaw nruab nrab qhov muag plooj tuaj yeem loj dua lossis koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov tsaus ntuj uas thaiv tag nrho cov duab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub zeem muag ib puag ncig tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm AMD.
- Cov khoom hauv koj lub zeem muag nruab nrab yuav tsis zoo li ci li lawv ib txwm muaj - xim tuaj yeem ua rau tsis meej pem.
- AMD cuam tshuam tsuas yog ib feem ntawm koj lub zeem muag vim tias qhov twg macula nyob. Lub macula yog nyob hauv plawv nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov muag thiab xav tau kom pom kev ntse ntawm cov khoom uas ncaj nraim mus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ceev faj rau qhov pom kev txawv txav
Lwm qhov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm AMD yog qhov txawv txav tsis pom kev - cov khoom tuaj yeem pom tsis zoo li cov duab, lossis cov kab ncaj yuav zoo li ntais, nkhaus lossis khoov. Thaum cov tsos mob no tshwm sim, tib neeg yuav xav tias lawv xav tsis thoob. Txawm hais tias lwm yam kab mob hauv qhov muag ua rau qhov muag tsis pom, tsuas yog kab mob macular (suav nrog AMD, cystoid macular edema, mob ntshav qab zib macular edema, thiab lwm yam) tsim cov hom kev pom no tsis raug.
- Qhov muag tsis pom kev cuam tshuam nrog qib siab ntawm AMD ua rau nws nyuaj rau tsav, nyeem thiab lees paub lub ntsej muag.
- AMD feem ntau cuam tshuam rau ob lub qhov muag tib lub sijhawm, tab sis yog tias tsuas yog ib qho cuam tshuam, nws nyuaj rau pom qhov kev hloov pauv pom vim tias koj lub qhov muag zoo them rau qhov muag cuam tshuam.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib rau qhov nyuaj rau yoog raws qhov teeb pom kev tsawg
Lwm cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm kev vam meej AMD yog qhov nyuaj ua rau yoog raws qhov xwm txheej qis, xws li chav tsaus, chav ua haujlwm lossis tsev noj mov. Koj kuj tseem xav tias xav tau lub teeb ci dua thaum nyeem phau ntawv lossis ua haujlwm ze koj lub ntsej muag. Yog tias koj pom koj tus kheej lossis koj tus khub qhib teeb ntau dua li ua ntej, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem yog lub cim ntawm AMD.
- Sib txheeb kom pom tej yam ntau dua qhov tsaus ntuj yog pom qhov txo qis lossis ci ci ntawm cov xim. Lub ntiaj teb zoo li ua rau pom qhov tsaus dua thiab tsis zoo nrog AMD.
- AMD tsis cuam tshuam rau lub zeem muag ib sab (sab), yog li nws tsis ua rau dig muag tag - txawm hais tias cov neeg uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo li qub feem ntau sau tias dig muag raug cai thiab tsis raug tso cai tsav tsheb lossis siv lub tshuab hnyav.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ceev faj txog cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai
Qhov ua rau AMD tsis nkag siab meej, tab sis muaj ntau qhov kev pheej hmoo tau pom, xws li: kev muaj keeb (caj ces) txuas, hnub nyoog laus dua, poj niam txiv neej, haus luam yeeb, rog dhau, kab mob plawv thiab haiv neeg Caucasian (xim tawv nqaij). Cov neeg feem coob nrog AMD muaj tsawg kawg yog ob peb yog tias tsis yog feem ntau ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo no.
- Hais txog hnub nyoog, AMD feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus dua 65 xyoos.
- Haus luam yeeb thiab ua kom rog dhau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj rog, ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntawm AMD. Cov xwm txheej no tseem ua rau koj pheej hmoo mob ntshav siab thiab kab mob plawv, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov hlab ntshav ntawm lub qhov muag.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Tau Txais Kev Kho Mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws kho qhov muag
Yog tias koj pom ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no thiab lawv tsis ploj mus tom qab ib lub lis piam lossis ntau dua, tom qab ntawv teem sijhawm nrog koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev lossis kws tshaj lij qhov muag, xws li kws kho qhov muag lossis kws kho qhov muag. Tom qab kuaj lub qhov muag thiab ntau yam kev ntsuas, lawv tuaj yeem txiav tawm lwm yam kab mob ntawm lub qhov muag, xws li retinopathy lossis cataracts, thiab muab tswv yim rau koj tias AMD theem nyob rau theem twg.
- Cov theem pib ntawm AMD tsis feem ntau ua rau tsis pom kev lossis pom qhov muag, uas yog vim li cas kev kuaj qhov muag tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo rau nws.
- Thaum ntxov AMD tau kuaj pom los ntawm qhov muaj cov xim daj (hu ua drusen) hauv qab lub qhov muag.
- Cov theem nrab ntawm AMD feem ntau ua rau qee qhov tsis pom kev, tab sis tsis muaj ntau yam tsos mob. Cov theem no tau kuaj pom los ntawm kev muaj cov dej ntau dua thiab cov xim hloov pauv hauv cov retina.
- Txog rau theem kawg ntawm AMD, qhov muag tsis pom yog qhov tseem ceeb, lwm qhov muag pom tau pom tseeb thiab hloov pauv hauv macula/retina yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nug txog Amsler daim phiaj
Ntxiv rau qhov tau txais kev ntsuas qhov muag pom nrog daim duab qhov muag thiab nthuav dav qhov muag kuaj (ua tiav nrog qhov muag qhov muag), koj tus kws kho mob qhov muag kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv Amsler daim phiaj los ntsuas rau AMD. Amsler daim phiaj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv kab ntawv nrog cov kab tsaus rau ntawm nws tsim ua ib daim phiaj xwm kab thiab tus lej nyob hauv nruab nrab - txawm hais tias qee qhov qauv muaj kab dawb kos rau ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj. Amsler daim phiaj tuaj yeem pab pom cov kab tsis raug thiab/lossis tsis pom kev zoo ib yam nrog AMD.
- Saib ntawm Amsler daim phiaj pab nrog kev kuaj pom ntxov, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias kev kho rau ntub AMD tau ua tiav thaum ua tiav ua ntej muaj kev puas tsuaj.
- Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm daim phiaj Amsler dawb los ntawm online lossis khaws ib qho los ntawm koj tus kws kho qhov muag lub chaw haujlwm kom sim koj lub zeem muag hauv tsev.
- Yog tias hauv koj lub computer, zaum ze li 14 ntiv tes ntawm qhov screen. Npog txhua lub qhov muag thiab saib cov teev nyob hauv nruab nrab. Cov kab ib puag ncig yuav tsum tsis txhob pom qhov muag tsis pom lossis cuam tshuam.
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav txog lwm yam kev kuaj mob
Lwm qhov kev kuaj mob siv los pab txheeb xyuas AMD suav nrog fluorescein angiograms (ua tiav nrog cov xim fluorescent pleev rau hauv caj npab uas tom qab ntawd hla mus rau cov hlab ntshav hauv koj lub qhov muag), thiab kho qhov muag sib txuas tomography lossis OCT. OCT zoo ib yam li kev ntsuas ultrasound, tshwj tsis yog tias nws siv lub teeb hloov lub suab. OCT tuaj yeem tau txais qhov kev daws teeb meem siab hla cov duab ntawm lub qhov muag thiab tag nrho cov hlab ntsha me.
- Fluorescein angiography siv cov xim tshwj xeeb thiab lub koob yees duab los saib cov hlab ntshav hauv cov retina thiab choroid, uas yog ob txheej nyob tom qab ntawm koj lub qhov muag.
- OCT tuaj yeem muab cov kws kho mob pom cov duab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub sijhawm, uas tuaj yeem pab lawv kuaj mob AMD hauv nws qhov ntxov tshaj plaws.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Tau Txais Kev Kho Mob rau AMD
Kauj Ruam 1. Siv tshuaj anti-angiogenic
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob angiogenic yog thawj hom kev kho mob rau AMD. Lawv tau txhaj rau hauv qhov muag txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho thiab loj hlob ntawm cov hlab ntshav tshiab. Cov tshuaj no tseem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob xau los ntawm cov hlab ntsha txawv txav uas twb muaj lawm hauv lub qhov muag uas ua rau thiaj li hu ua ntub AMD. Qhov kev kho mob no tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau tus neeg mob thiab qee leej tau rov ua rau lawv lub zeem muag ploj.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob angiogenic tau txhaj rau hauv qhov muag ntawm plaub mus rau 12 lub lim tiam ua rau cov hlab ntshav nqaim.
- Tom qab txhaj tshuaj tas, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaj tshuaj angiogram (daim duab tshwj xeeb uas siv cov zas xim) txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj kev tawm ntau ntawm cov hlab ntshav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib mus rau kev noj zaub mov kom zoo
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm qee cov vitamins thiab cov zaub mov txhua hnub tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb zuj zus mus rau theem nrab thiab theem AMD lig. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, noj cov vitamins C thiab E ua ke, zinc thiab tooj liab tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim AMD theem lig txog li 25%. Ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob cog cog lutein thiab zeaxanthin tuaj yeem muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua.
- Rau cov vitamins, qhov ua tau zoo txhua hnub yog 500 mg ntawm vitamin C yog 400 IU ntawm vitamin E.
- Rau cov zaub mov, qhov ua tau zoo txhua hnub yog 80 mg ntawm zinc oxide thiab 2 mg ntawm cupric oxide (tooj liab).
- Kwv yees li 10 mg ntawm lutein thiab 2 mg zeaxanthin txhua hnub tau pom tias yuav pab tau thiab.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
- Cov poj niam zoo li txhim kho AMD ntau dua thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov dua li txiv neej ua.
- Txhawm rau txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm AMD, tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb, poob phaus thiab zam kev nthuav koj lub qhov muag mus rau hluav taws xob UV (hnav looj tsom iav dub).
- Yog tias koj muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo thiab muaj keeb kwm tsev neeg ntawm macular degeneration, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho qhov muag rau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag kom tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug.
