Orthostatic ntshav siab yog lub cim tseem ceeb sau los ntawm tus neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem ntshav siab. Ib yam dab tsi hu ua "orthostatic hypotension" tshwm sim thaum tus neeg cov ntshav siab poob qis thaum hloov pauv txoj haujlwm (mus los ntawm kev pw mus rau zaum, zaum kom sawv, thiab lwm yam) thiab ua rau muaj kev xav ntawm lub taub hau thiab kiv taub hau, txawm tias tsaus muag. Tshwj xeeb, yog tias systolic ntshav siab (tus lej siab dua) poob los ntawm 20 units thaum sawv ntsug, lossis cov ntshav siab diastolic (tus lej qis) poob los ntawm 10 chav nyob lossis tom qab peb feeb ntawm kev sawv, tus neeg tau hais kom muaj "orthostatic hypotension". " Koj tuaj yeem ntsuas tus neeg ntshav siab nyob hauv ntau txoj haujlwm txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb puas muaj orthostatic hypotension.
Cov kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Ntsuas Ntshav Siab Dhau
Kauj Ruam 1. Nug tus neeg kom pw li tsib feeb
Nws yuav tsum tiaj tus ntawm lub rooj, txaj lossis rooj zaum. Qhwv lub sphygmomanometer, lossis ntsuas ntshav siab, caj dab khov kho ib puag ncig tus neeg sab caj npab sab xis thiab ruaj ntseg nws nrog Velcro sawb.
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab koj lub stethoscope tso rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachial
Nrog cov ntshav ntsuas ntshav qhwv nyob ib ncig ntawm tus neeg lub caj npab, kom nws xib teg tig mus rau saum thiab tso lub stethoscope rau sab hauv ntawm lub luj tshib. Lub stethoscope muaj thaj tsam loj, yog li tso nws rau sab hauv ntawm lub luj tshib yuav tsum xyuas kom nws npog cov hlab ntsha brachial, uas taug kev hla thaj chaw ntawd. Koj yuav mloog cov suab hauv cov hlab ntsha brachial raws li koj txoj hauv kev los ntsuas ntshav siab.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txhim kho lub caj npab nrog lub twj tso kua mis
Feem ntau koj yuav tsum ua kom nws nyob ib puag ncig 200 raws li koj tus lej pib, thiab maj mam deflate nws los ntawm qhov ntawd. Raws li lub cuff deflates, saib rau systolic ntshav siab nyeem ntawv. Systolic ntshav siab yog lub zog ntawm cov ntshav tso los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab nws feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 110 thiab 140.
- Koj yuav lees paub kev nyeem ntawv rau cov ntshav systolic thaum lub sijhawm koj pib hnov lub suab "thump" hauv koj lub stethoscope. Nov yog lub suab ntawm cov ntshav ntws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha brachial.
- Khaws cia tus lej no hauv koj lub taub hau thaum koj mloog txuas ntxiv thaum lub cuff deflates.
Kauj Ruam 4. Sau cov diastolic nyeem ntawv tom qab lub suab meej
Tus lej no yuav tsum qis dua, feem ntau ntawm 60 thiab 90. Nws yog lub siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab ntawm lub plawv dhia.
Sau tus lej ntshav siab systolic, tus slash, thiab tom qab ntawd tus lej ntshav siab diastolic. Ob qho tib si raug ntsuas hauv millimeters mercury, lossis mm Hg. Piv txwv li, koj yuav sau "120/70 mm Hg."
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua kom tiav los ntawm kev nyeem cov mem tes radial nyeem
Nov yog qhov mem tes uas koj pom los ntawm kev tso koj tus lej cim thiab ntiv tes nruab nrab hla sab hauv sab tes xis. Thaum koj hnov tus neeg mob lub plawv dhia, saib koj lub moos lossis saib rau 60 vib nas this thiab suav cov neeg ntaus.
- Cov neeg feem coob muaj lub plawv dhia ntawm 60 thiab 100 neeg ntaus ib feeb (BPM). Yog tias tus neeg mob lub plawv dhia siab dua qhov no, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem sawv thiab kuaj ntxiv mus.
- Sau cov mem tes (lossis lub plawv dhia), thiab tom qab ntawd npaj koj tus kheej rau ntu tom ntej ntawm qhov ntsuas uas koj yuav hais kom tus neeg sawv.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Ntsuas Ntshav Siab Sawv Ntsug
Kauj Ruam 1. Hais kom tus neeg sawv
Ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws muaj kev txhawb nqa kom khov yog tias nws tsis ruaj khov ntawm nws txhais taw. Hais kom lawv tuav ib yam dab tsi nrog nws sab caj npab kom koj tuaj yeem ntsuas ntshav siab thiab mob plawv ntawm sab caj npab.
- Tos kom txog thaum tus neeg mob ruaj khov, tab sis koj yuav tsum xeem qhov sai li sai tau (hauv thawj feeb) tom qab sawv.
- Qhia rau tus neeg ntawd yog tias nws hnov mob taub hau lossis tsaus muag ntawm ib qho twg nws yuav tsum qhia rau koj paub, kom koj tuaj yeem zaum nws. Txawm hais tias nws yuav tsum tau sawv los txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tiav, koj tsis xav ua qhov no los ntawm kev them nqi ntawm lawv dhau mus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tso caj npab rov qab
Siv qhov ntsuas ntshav systolic thiab diastolic, thiab sau ob qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig no. Kuj rov ua qhov kev ntsuas mem tes thiab sau koj cov txiaj ntsig.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tos ob feeb
Tus neeg mob yuav tsum sawv ntsug ntxiv. Ob feeb tom qab ntsuas thawj zaug (thiab tom qab peb feeb tag nrho ntawm kev sawv), yuav tsum tau txais tus nqi ntshav siab thib ob. Ua kom lub ntsej muag rov qab thiab sau cov ntshav systolic thiab diastolic. Hauv lub cev ib txwm muaj, tus neeg lub siab systolic thiab diastolic nyeem ntawv yuav tsum siab dua hauv kev nyeem zaum thib ob ntau dua li lawv tau nyob hauv thawj, vim lub cev tau muaj sijhawm ntau dua los them rau qhov kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev.
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv qhov ntsuas kawg ntawm tus neeg mob lub plawv dhia (ntsuas ntawm lub dab teg)
Sau koj qhov kev tshawb pom. Nug tus neeg kom zaum rov qab thaum koj xam cov ntshav hloov pauv thiab saib cov txiaj ntsig.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Ntsiab Lus
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim
Rho tawm qhov sawv (1 feeb) qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm kev teeb tsa nyeem. Kuj rho tawm qhov sawv (3 feeb) qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm kev tso qhov tseem ceeb, rau kev sib piv thiab pom sai npaum li cas lub cev yoog raws.
- Txiav txim seb tus neeg puas yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm orthostatic hypotension. Yog tias lub siab systolic txo qis los ntawm 20 mm Hg lossis yog tias lub siab diastolic qis dua 10 mm Hg, lawv yuav muaj tus mob no.
- Nco ntsoov tias qhov xwm txheej raug kuaj mob raws li 1 feeb sawv ntshav siab, tsis yog 3 feeb ib (3 feeb ib qho yooj yim muab kev sib piv kom pom sai npaum li cas lub cev yoog raws thaum muab sijhawm ntau dua los sawv).
- Kuj xav txog seb tus neeg mob lub plawv dhia nce ntxiv los ntawm qhov ib txwm muaj. Nws yog ib txwm ua rau lub plawv dhia nce ntxiv 10 txog 15 zaug hauv ib feeb. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov neeg ntaus tau nce 20 zaug hauv ib feeb lossis ntau dua, nws yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xav txog tus neeg qhov tsos mob
Txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas ntshav siab li cas pw thiab sawv, yog tias tus neeg xav tias mob taub hau thiab/lossis kiv taub hau tas li thaum sawv ntsug nws yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas qhov xwm txheej uas yuav ua rau muaj cov tsos mob no. Kev kuaj mob ntawm "orthostatic hypotension" tuaj yeem ua raws cov tsos mob no ib leeg, tsis hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus lej ntshav siab li cas, yog li nws tseem ceeb uas yuav tau nug tus neeg txog cov tsos mob uas nws tuaj yeem ntsib thaum nws sawv ntsug.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag siab tias vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb los ntsuas ntshav siab
Muaj "orthostatic hypotension" (ntshav siab tam sim thaum sawv ntsug) yog qhov tshwm sim heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg laus. Nws ua rau pom cov tsos mob xws li lub ntsej muag muag thiab/lossis kiv taub hau thaum sawv, thiab nws ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib tus neeg dhau mus thaum nws sawv vim tsis muaj ntshav txaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog "orthostatic hypotension" txhawm rau kho lossis txhim kho nws kom zoo li sai tau.
- Hauv cov neeg laus, feem ntau ua rau orthostatic hypotension suav nrog cov tshuaj uas tus neeg noj, lub cev qhuav dej, siv ntsev tsis txaus (txawm hais tias ntsev ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau nce ntshav siab ntau dhau), lossis yooj yim qeeb ntawm cov ntshav siab tom qab sawv, uas, qee qib, cuam tshuam nrog txheej txheem kev laus ntuj.
- Orthostatic hypotension tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam kab mob (Parkinson's disease, paraneoplastic syndromes, thiab lwm yam), lub cev qhuav dej ntau, lossis ntshav ntau poob tom qab raug mob.
