Mob ntsws (mob ntsws) cuam tshuam rau cov hlab pas thiab cov nqaij hauv ntsws. Ua los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kev raug mob lossis kab mob, kev mob tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav (ntev-ntev) lossis mob ntev (ntev) hauv qhov. Cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog mob ntsws hnyav suav nrog mob ntsws hnyav, mob ntsws, thiab mob hnyav ua pa nyuaj siab (ARDS). Cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog mob ntsws ntev suav nrog mob ntsws, mob ntsws tsis zoo (COPD), mob ntsws ntsws ntsws, thiab mob ntsws ntsws. Ib tus neeg tuaj yeem tsim kev mob ntsws, tab sis muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo uas ua rau kom muaj ib txoj hauv kev txhim kho tus mob no. Cov kev pheej hmoo zoo ib yam no tseem tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws mob zuj zus thaum ib tus neeg muaj tus mob.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Txo Kev Txom Nyem Los Ntawm Kab Mob thiab Teeb Meem Hauv Plawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Txo koj txoj kev kis tus kab mob thiab cov kab mob
Cov kab mob yog cov kab mob me me uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob. Qee hom kab mob thiab kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws. Kev nthuav tawm qee yam ntawm cov kab mob no cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm lossis ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li "Kub Tub Lung," thiab "Farmer's Lung" yog cov npe rau ob hom kab mob ntsig txog mob ntsws. Pwm tuaj yeem loj hlob yuav luag txhua qhov chaw uas noo txaus. Raws li Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig (EPA), "tus yuam sij rau pwm tswj yog kev tswj dej noo."
- Txhawm rau pab tiv thaiv pwm hauv koj lub tsev, khaws cov av noo ntawm 30-60%.
- Yog tias koj pom cov pwm, ntxuav qhov chaw cuam tshuam nrog xab npum thiab ua kom lub ntsej muag qhuav tas.
- Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob hws los ntawm qhov chaw thaiv kom zoo. Zam kev txhim kho cov ntaub pua plag hauv chav dej lossis chav ua noj, qhov twg cov dej ntws tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub pua plag ntub.
- Siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej uas tsim nyog xws li lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg lossis lub tshuab ua pa thaum ntxuav thaj chaw uas muaj pwm.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txo koj qhov raug thiab ua rau muaj tus kab mob kis tau yooj yim
Kab mob khaub thuas yog ib yam ua rau mob ntsws, uas yog kis kab mob thiab ua rau mob ntsws. Feem ntau ntawm tus mob khaub thuas tsis ua rau mob ntsws, tab sis cov uas ua tau tuaj yeem mob hnyav heev. Kab mob khaub thuas thiab mob ntsws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau nrog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom pom tias koj puas yog tus neeg sib tw ua npaws thiab/lossis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws.
- Zam kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg muaj kab mob khaub thuas thiab/lossis mob ntsws.
- Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau ntsib nrog cov neeg ua npaws thiab/lossis mob ntsws, hnav tiv thaiv kom tsim nyog, xws li daim npog ntsej muag, hnab looj tes, lossis khaub ncaws.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txo koj qhov raug cua nyob ib puag ncig
Cov pa phem ib puag ncig tau pom sab nraum zoov, thiab yog los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntuj, hluav taws kub, thiab kev lag luam. Rau rau cov kuab paug raug xaiv raws cov txheej txheem huab cua los ntawm EPA. Cov no suav nrog nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxides, ozone, teeb meem me me, carbon monoxide, thiab txhuas. Cov no tau saib xyuas los ntawm EPA thiab raug rau qee txoj cai. Cov khoom me me tsawg dua 10 micrometers tshwj xeeb yog teeb meem, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws. Kev nthuav tawm tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem tshwj xeeb rau cov uas muaj mob ntsws ua ntej.
- Koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas Huab Cua Kev Ntsuas Zoo hauv thaj av uas koj nyob. Cov ntaub ntawv no thiab qee cov lus qhia rau kev nthuav tawm muaj nyob ntawm
- Yog tias koj yuav nyob hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj cov pa ya hauv huab cua lossis cov pa phem, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv kom raug.
- Ua kom haum rau lub npog ntsej muag lossis lub tshuab ua pa. Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Nyab Xeeb (OSHA) muab cov lus qhia txog lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg lossis lub tshuab ua pa twg zoo tshaj rau qee kis.
Kauj Ruam 4. Txo koj qhov raug cov pa phem hauv tsev
Raug cov pa phem nyob sab hauv tsev tuaj yeem ua rau mob taub hau, qaug zog, thiab tus lej ntawm lwm cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb. Qhov no qee zaum ua rau tag nrho cov tsev ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm poob mob. Feem ntau ntsib cov pa phem sab hauv tsev suav nrog cov khoom sib txuas, cov organic hloov pauv tsis haum, thiab formaldehyde.
- Ua pa koj lub tsev kom huv nrog cua huv si.
- Tshem tawm qhov chaw muaj kuab paug, yog ua tau.
- Nruab ib lub tshuab nqus tsev hauv tsev.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Kev Tswj Xyuas Koj Li Kev Kho Mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Qhia koj tus kheej txog koj qhov mob
Txhawm rau nkag siab tias koj li kev noj qab haus huv yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau mob ntsws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum qhia koj tus kheej. Muaj ntau cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig muaj nyob hauv is taws nem, suav nrog Mayo Clinic, The American Lung Association, The American Heart Association, Cancer.gov, thiab Cancer.org. Cov peev txheej no muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau tshwj xeeb rau tus neeg pw.
- Sau koj cov kev kuaj mob lossis sau koj tus kws kho mob sau koj cov kev kuaj mob.
- Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov peev txheej kom nkag siab zoo dua koj li mob.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tham txog koj cov tshuaj tam sim no nrog koj tus kws kho mob
Tshuaj kho mob, hluav taws xob, thiab qee yam tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws. Muaj lwm cov tshuaj muaj uas tuaj yeem pab txo kev mob ntsws, yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tus mob no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias kev pheej hmoo los ntawm cov tshuaj lossis kev kho mob yog dab tsi.
- Sau, lossis sau koj tus kws kho mob sau, cov npe ntawm txhua yam ntawm koj cov tshuaj thiab kev kho mob.
- Nug cov peev txheej los nyeem txog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab kev kho mob uas koj yuav tau txais.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nug txog cov tshuaj muaj los txo qhov mob ntsws
Muaj ntau cov tshuaj muaj uas tuaj yeem siv los kho mob ntsws thiab mob sib xws. Hom tshuaj siv rau kev kho mob nyob ntawm koj qhov kev kuaj mob tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muaj mob ntsws, koj yuav tau txais tshuaj tua kab mob uas yuav pab ua kom cov kab mob ua rau kis mob. Yog tias koj muaj ntsws fibrosis, muaj tsawg dua kev xaiv tshuaj txhawm rau ua kom tus kab mob qeeb, tab sis kev kho tshiab tau nkag mus rau hauv khw muag tshuaj. Cov npe tshuaj uas tuaj yeem txo qis kev mob ntsws lossis raug siv los kho cov kab mob muaj feem cuam tshuam hauv qab no.
- Beclomethasone dipropionate (nqus corticosteroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Fluticasione propionate (nqus corticosteroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Flunisolide (nqus tau corticosteroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Budesonide (nqus tau corticosteroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Mometasone (nqus tau corticosteroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Ciclesonide (nqus tau corticosteroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Methylprednisone (qhov ncauj steroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Prednisolone (qhov ncauj steroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Prednisone (qhov ncauj steroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Hydrocortisone (qhov ncauj steroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Dexamethasone (qhov ncauj steroid siv los kho COPD thiab mob hawb pob)
- Cromolyn sodium (nqus tau nonsteroid siv los kho COPD)
- Nedocromil sodium (nqus tau nonsteroid siv los kho COPD)
- Amoxicillin (tshuaj tua kab mob siv los kho kab mob ntsws)
- Benzylpenicillin (tshuaj tua kab mob siv los kho kab mob ntsws)
- Azithromycin (tshuaj tua kab mob siv los kho kab mob ntsws)
- Pirfenidone (tshuaj siv ua kom qeeb hauv lub ntsws puas los ntawm pulmonary fibrosis)
- Nintedanib (tshuaj siv ua kom qeeb hauv lub ntsws puas los ntawm pulmonary fibrosis)
- Ceftriaxone (tshuaj tua kab mob siv los kho mob ntsws thiab mob ua pa)
- Cov pa oxygen ntxiv (siv los ua kom yooj yim cov tsos mob hauv ntau yam kev mob ntsws)
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Hloov Txoj Kev Ua Neej
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav luam yeeb
Kev haus luam yeeb yog qhov ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau mob ntsws, mob ntsws, mob ntsws tsis xwm yeem, thiab mob ntsws ntsws. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv cov pa luam yeeb tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis tseem hloov pauv qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm li cas. Kev txiav luam yeeb tuaj yeem nyuaj, tab sis nrog kev txhawb nqa thiab phiaj xwm raug, nws ua tau. Muaj ntau yam xwm txheej uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws ntau dhau uas koj tsis muaj kev tswj hwm, tab sis kev haus luam yeeb tsis yog ib qho ntawm lawv - txiav yog ib yam uas koj tuaj yeem nquag ua los pab ua kom koj lub ntsws noj qab nyob zoo.
- Xav txog sau koj lub hom phiaj thiab yam koj tsis nyiam txog kev haus luam yeeb.
- Sib sau ua ke. Sib tham txog koj cov phiaj xwm txiav luam yeeb nrog koj cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg. Nyob ib puag ncig koj tus kheej nrog cov uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa koj.
- Tham nrog tus kws tshaj lij txiav luam yeeb. Cov kws tshaj lij kev haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem pab koj tsim phiaj xwm tawm tsam kom ua tiav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Khaws koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom zoo
Qhov kev pheej hmoo loj rau kev mob ntsws yog qhov tsis muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tib neeg uas muaj kab mob HIV/AIDS, yog cov tau txais kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev, lossis cov uas tau siv tshuaj kho mob ntev mus ntev yog qhov pheej hmoo siab tshaj. Muaj qee cov kauj ruam uas koj tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm zoo li nws tuaj yeem ua tau.
- Ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj tau txais cov Vitamin C txaus. Vitamin C thiab zinc tau pom los txhim kho tib neeg txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tseem txhim kho qhov tshwm sim ntawm mob ntsws thiab lwm yam kev kis mob.
- Tsaug zog txaus. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov tib neeg uas tsis tau pw txaus txaus yuav kis tau tus kab mob thiab rov zoo dua tom qab mob.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom lub cev hnyav
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb hauv tib neeg tau txuas ncaj qha rau lub ntsws ua rau mob hnyav, kev tshawb fawb hauv tsiaj qhia pom kev sib txuas ntawm qhov mob hauv lub ntsws thiab cov tshuaj tsim los ntawm cov nqaij rog. Nws tau xav tias rog dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob thiab lub ntsws puas tsuaj los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig.
- Tau txais 150-300 feeb ntawm kev tawm dag zog nruab nrab ib lub lim tiam. Kev taug kev nrawm thiab ua luam dej yog piv txwv ntawm kev tawm dag zog ib ce.
- Npaj noj zaub mov zoo. Noj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig. Tsis txhob noj zaub mov thiab cawv. Yog tias koj xav tau kev pab tsim kom muaj phiaj xwm noj zaub mov zoo, tham nrog tus kws noj zaub mov noj.
- Ua kom zoo ib yam. Ua raws li koj lub tswv yim noj zaub mov zoo, tawm dag zog, thiab nyob ib puag ncig koj tus kheej nrog pab pawg txhawb nqa tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev vam meej mus sij hawm ntev.
- Kev noj zaub mov hauv Mediterranean tuaj yeem pab txo qhov mob hauv lub cev, suav nrog hauv koj lub ntsws.
- Cov nqaij liab thiab mis nyuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob. Sim txwv lawv ntau li ntau tau lossis hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov raws tsob ntoo.
Kauj Ruam 4. Qoj koj lub ntsws, tshwj xeeb yog tom qab phais tas
Cov leeg nyob ib puag ncig koj lub ntsws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog nrog kev tawm dag zog. Qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev kis mob thiab mob ntsws, uas ntau tus tib neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo tom qab phais tas. Ua tob, txawm tias ua tsis taus pa tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub ntsws tsis muaj qhov zais thiab tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub ntsws muaj zog. Qee qhov xwm txheej, koj yuav tau txais kev txhawb siab spirometer thiab cov npe ntawm kev tawm dag zog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws koj tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo nrog rau kev qoj ib ce koj lub ntsws.
