Txiv neej tsis tau lees tias yog niam txiv txoj cai thaum tus menyuam yug los ntawm kev txij nkawm. Leej txiv yuav tsum tau tsim los txhawm rau daws teeb meem xws li kev txhawb nqa menyuam thiab txawm tias raug saib xyuas lossis mus ntsib. Qee lub sij hawm leej txiv yog teeb meem ntawm tsuas yog kos npe rau daim ntawv. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, leej txiv yuav muaj kev sib cav thiab yuav xav tau kev kuaj DNA los tsim.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Tshaj Tawm Leej Txiv Lub Npe ntawm Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Yug
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab tias yog vim li cas tsim kom muaj leej txiv
Yog tias tus menyuam yug thaum sib yuav, tus menyuam yuav tsum yog tus txiv thiab tus menyuam ntawm tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus menyuam yug los rau niam txiv tsis tau yuav txiv, ces tsis muaj "kev xav" ntawm leej txiv yog leej twg. Leej txiv yuav tsum tau tsim vim tias nws yuav muaj teeb meem hauv ntau yam xwm txheej. Piv txwv li, leej txiv ntawm tus menyuam yuav tsum raug cai raug cai kom tau txais cov hauv qab no:
- nyiaj txiag txhawb nqa
- nkag tau mus rau tsev neeg cov ntaub ntawv kho mob
- kev pab them nqi kho mob thiab kev pov hwm lub neej, yog tias muaj
- social security los yog cov qub tub rog cov txiaj ntsig
- qub txeeg qub teg
- kev saib xyuas thiab kev mus ntsib
Kauj Ruam 2. Kos npe rau daim ntawv yug
Raws li tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj, txhua lub xeev yuav tsum muab sijhawm rau niam txiv uas tsis tau muaj lub sijhawm los tsim kev ua leej txiv los ntawm kev yeem yeem kos npe lees paub tias leej txiv, tsis hais hauv tsev kho mob lossis tom qab ntawd.
Yog tus menyuam tus txiv nyob ntawm qhov yug, nws tuaj yeem kos npe rau daim ntawv yug ua ntej tawm hauv tsev kho mob
Kauj Ruam 3. Tsis txhob kos npe tshwj tsis yog tias koj paub tseeb tias koj yog leej txiv
Koj yuav raug them rau kev them nyiaj yug menyuam txog thaum koj tuaj yeem ua pov thawj (feem ntau dhau los ntawm kev kuaj DNA) tias koj tsis yog leej txiv leej txiv. Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj heev kom tshem tawm leej txiv.
- Yog tias koj xav tshem tawm leej txiv, koj yuav tsum tau ua daim ntawv lossis thov hauv tsev hais plaub, nyob ntawm koj lub xeev thiab lub sijhawm nyob rau lub sijhawm uas koj tab tom sim daws teeb meem leej txiv.
- California daim ntawv, Kev Tshaj Tawm ntawm Kev Txiav Txim Siab Leej Txiv, zoo li qhov no. Koj muaj 60 hnub los ntawm kev kos npe rau Daim Ntawv Tshaj Qhia Txog Leej Txiv los ua daim ntawv no.
- Texas daim ntawv, Kev lees paub Kev lees paub ntawm Leej Txiv - Cov neeg nyob hauv Texas yuav tsum xa daim ntawv nrog 60 hnub tom qab ua ntawv lees paub Paternity thiab ua ntej lub tsev hais plaub hais txog tus menyuam tau pib.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Ua Pov Thawj rau Leej Txiv los ntawm Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Leej Txiv
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav daim foos
Yog tias niam thiab txiv tsis tso leej txiv lub npe rau ntawm tus menyuam daim ntawv pov thawj hnub yug, tom qab ntawd lawv yuav tsum npaj "daim ntawv txiv". Feem ntau lub xeev muaj cov ntaub ntawv raug cai uas tuaj yeem ua tau.
- Txhawm rau nrhiav daim ntawv, ntaus "paternity daim ntawv" lossis "kev lees paub leej txiv" thiab koj lub xeev rau hauv lub vev xaib. Hloov pauv, koj yuav tsum hu rau koj lub Xeev Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv kom thov daim ntawv.
- Ib daim ntawv raug zoo li no, los ntawm Arizona.
- Tej zaum yuav muaj sijhawm txwv rau kev ua daim ntawv paternity. Koj yuav tsum ua sai li sai tau.
Kauj Ruam 2. Npaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis raws cai
Yog tias koj lub xeev tsis muaj daim ntawv, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem npaj hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsis raws cai tsim kev ua leej txiv. Nws yuav tsum muaj cov niam txiv lub npe, qhov chaw thiab hnub yug, nrog rau tus menyuam lub npe. Kos npe rau daim ntawv thiab kom nws notarized.
Tsuas yog tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsis raws cai yog tias koj lub xeev tsis muab rau txheej txheem
Kauj Ruam 3. Kos npe thiab ua daim ntawv paternity
Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau kos npe rau daim ntawv ua ntej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv lossis lwm tus neeg ua pov thawj. Tom qab kos npe rau daim foos, yuav tsum luam daim ntawv rau niam thiab txiv. Txheeb nrog koj lub Xeev Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv seb yuav ua daim ntawv foos nyob qhov twg.
- Cov ntawv ceeb toom tuaj yeem pom ntawm ntau lub tsev txhab nyiaj, nrog rau tsev hais plaub. Koj yuav tsum tau qhia tus cim (xws li daim ntawv hla tebchaws raug cai lossis daim ntawv tsav tsheb) uas tsim koj tus kheej.
- Hauv ntau lub xeev, leej txiv kos npe ua tus hloov pauv rau lub tsev txiav txim plaub ntug, raug cai tsim nws txiv txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog tus menyuam.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Siv Kev Xeem DNA los Tsim Kom Muaj Leej Txiv
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab hom kev xeem sib txawv
Muaj ob yam sib txawv ntawm kev ntsuas DNA: "swab swab" thiab kuaj ntshav. Ob qhov kev xeem no yog qhov tseeb heev.
- Nrog rau qhov "hnia swab" ntsuas, ib lub paj rwb swab tau rub rau sab hauv lub puab tsaig ntawm lub qhov ncauj txhawm rau sau cov khoom siv DNA. Nrog kev kuaj ntshav, cov ntshav tau los ntawm tus txiv neej thiab tom qab ntawd sim.
- Buccal swab kev ntsuam xyuas, uas yog qhov feem ntau, ua tiav hauv 5-10 hnub.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv lub chaw kuaj DNA
Tam sim no, tsis muaj tsoomfwv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov chaw kuaj DNA. Koj yuav tsum xaiv lub chaw haujlwm raws li nws qhov kev lees paub ua haujlwm tau zoo nrog rau nws cov kev pabcuam cog lus.
- Tshawb xyuas seb lub chaw kuaj ntshav puas raug lees paub. Hloov chaw ntawm kev vam khom ntawm chav kuaj kab lus uas nws tau lees paub, hu rau cov koom haum lees paub lawv tus kheej. Piv txwv li, mus rau American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) [www.aabb.org lub vev xaib] thiab tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw kuaj pom zoo. Lawv muaj cov npe ntawm cov tsev txhab nyiaj ntshav uas tau lees paub ntawm no.
- Qhov tseeb ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam DNA nce nrog tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw tshuaj ntsuam ntawm DNA kuaj. Koj lub chaw kuaj ntshav yuav tsum lav tias nws yuav kuaj txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum nws (1) tuaj yeem cais koj ua leej txiv lossis (2) tuaj yeem lav nrog ntau dua 99.99% qhov tseeb uas koj yog leej txiv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Them rau qhov kev xeem
Cov nqi tuaj yeem sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw kuaj mob tau lees paub lossis tsis yog. Tus nqi hais los ntawm $ 395 rau tus qauv ntsuas mus rau ntau dua $ 500.
Qee lub xeev cov koom haum saib xyuas menyuam yaus ua rau muaj kev kuaj DNA thiab tseem yuav them rau qee qhov nqi kuaj. Koj yuav tsum hu rau koj lub xeev lub chaw haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thiab nug seb qhov no puas yog ib qho kev xaiv
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Tau Txais Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Txiav Txim Siab ntawm Leej Txiv
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav lub tsev hais plaub tsim nyog
Yog leej txiv yuav tsis ua qhov kev kuaj DNA txaus siab, tom qab ntawv koj tuaj yeem tau txais lub tsev hais plaub yuam kom nws mus xeem. Koj yuav tau ua ntawv tsis txaus siab hauv lub tsev hais plaub tsim nyog, uas yog lub tsev hais plaub hauv lub nroog uas tus menyuam nyob.
- Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog yuav ua ntaub ntawv raws nraim qhov twg, tom qab ntawd hu rau kws lij choj hauv tsev neeg lossis tus kws saib xyuas tsev neeg txoj cai ntawm lub tsev hais plaub hauv nroog uas koj nyob.
- Hauv California, koj tuaj yeem kom koj lub koom haum pab txhawb nqa menyuam yaus hauv ib cheeb tsam pib ua haujlwm rau leej txiv. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog hu rau koj lub nroog lub chaw haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev siv daim duab qhia kev sib tham no.
Kauj Ruam 2. Draft tsab ntawv tsis txaus siab
Ntau lub xeev tau sau ua ntej "sau rau hauv daim ntawv" cov ntawv rau koj kom ua tiav. Koj yuav tsum tau ua daim ntawv foos thov thiab tau txais kev hu los ntawm tus kws lis haujlwm hauv tsev hais plaub.
- Cov ntawv mus los ntawm cov npe sib txawv hauv cov xeev sib txawv. Nug tus kws lis haujlwm hauv tsev hais plaub rau cov ntawv tsim nyog. Hauv California, cov ntawv hu ua “Kev Thov Kom Tsim Kev Sib Txheeb Niam Txiv,” Daim Ntawv FL-200 thiab “Summons,” Daim Ntawv FL-210. Hauv Texas, koj yuav tsum tau ua daim ntawv "Thov Kom Txiav Txim Rau Niam Txiv" thiab "Tsab ntawv tsa suab rau kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic thiab ceeb toom ntawm kev hnov lus."
- Koj kuj tseem yuav tsum tau ua daim ntawv "Kev Tshaj Tawm raws li Txoj Cai Saib Xyuas Me Nyuam Yaus thiab Kev Ua Tub Ceev Xwm," Daim Ntawv FL-105.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua daim ntawv ceeb toom rau lwm tus niam txiv
Thaum koj ua tiav koj cov ntawv, koj yuav tsum luam tawm. Ua tsawg kawg 1 daim ntawv rau leej txiv thiab 2 daim ntawv theej rau koj cov ntaub ntawv. Muab daim tseem thiab daim ntawv theej rau tus kws lis haujlwm hauv tsev hais plaub.
- Ua thawj daim ntawv nrog tus kws lis haujlwm thiab muab koj daim ntawv thwj cim ib yam.
- Koj kuj tseem yuav tsum xa cov ntawv dawb (xws li Daim Ntawv Teb) rau leej txiv los ua daim ntawv. Nug tus neeg ua haujlwm daim ntawv uas koj yuav tau xa.
- Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem muab cov ntawv xa rau leej txiv siv tub ceev xwm. Tus kws lis haujlwm hauv tsev hais plaub yuav teem sijhawm, thiab koj yuav raug them tus nqi me me tshwj tsis yog koj ua daim ntawv zam nqi. Ntau lub xeev tseem tso cai rau koj siv tus txheej txheem ua haujlwm zoo uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau tus kheej ntawm leej txiv.
- Qee lub xeev tseem tso cai muab kev pabcuam xa ntawv tuaj. Txij li qhov no tsis ntseeg tau ntau dua li kev pabcuam tus kheej, xeev feem ntau ua rau nws poob siab.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua koj daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev pabcuam
Thaum tus tub ceev xwm lossis tus txheej txheem neeg rau zaub mov ua haujlwm, nws lossis nws yuav ua daim ntawv "Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm" uas qhia tias tau ua haujlwm li cas. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum luam theej thiab xa cov ntawv pov thawj no mus rau lub tsev hais plaub.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tuaj koom rooj sib hais
Leej txiv yuav teb thiab tsis kam lees ua niam txiv, lees ua niam txiv, lossis tsis teb txhua. Yog tias nws tsis kam ua niam txiv, tom qab ntawd lub tsev hais plaub yuav tshuaj xyuas cov pov thawj kom pom tias puas tau kuaj DNA.
- Yog leej txiv tsis teb, ces koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev txiav txim tsis raug. Koj yuav tau sau qee cov ntawv thiab xa lawv mus. Nug tus kws lis haujlwm hauv tsev hais plaub rau cov ntawv tsim nyog.
- Thaum koj tau txais qhov kev txiav txim tsis raug, leej txiv yuav tsum tuaj rau hauv tsev hais plaub yog tias nws xav tawm tsam niam txiv.
Lub tswv yim
- Nws tsis tas yuav tsim nyog ntiav koj tus kws lij choj thaum ua ntaub ntawv hauv tsev hais plaub ntsig txog leej txiv. Qee lub xeev muaj tus tub ceev xwm saib xyuas menyuam uas nqa rooj plaub mus hais plaub hauv tsev hais plaub.
- Txoj cai lij choj - thaum leej txiv yuav niam - yog lwm txoj hauv kev los tsim kev ua leej txiv.
