Hauv tus menyuam mos uas yug los, jaundice yog tus mob feem ntau kuaj thiab kho los ntawm kws kho menyuam yaus. Kwv yees li 50% ntawm cov menyuam mos puv sijhawm thiab kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov menyuam mos uas tsis tau yug menyuam pib daj daj. Jaundice yog tshwm sim thaum cov menyuam yug tshiab muaj teeb meem tawg bilirubin, cov xim daj daj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm daj ntseg yog xim daj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab dawb ntawm lub qhov muag. Hauv cov xwm txheej uas tus menyuam yug tshiab xav tau kev kho mob rau jaundice, kev kho mob feem ntau ua tau zoo.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Jaundice hauv Newborns
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm jaundice
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm jaundice yog xim daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij - qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv xib teg thiab tsob ntoo ntawm ob txhais taw - thiab daj daj ntawm qhov muag ntawm qhov muag. Feem ntau cov menyuam mos uas muaj jaundice tsis xav tau kev kho mob. Koj tseem yuav tsum paub txog cov cim qhia tias jaundice zuj zus tuaj.
- Cov tawv nqaij daj sib sib zog nqus yog ib qho cim qhia tias jaundice tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav dua.
- Saib xyuas cov cim qhia tias xim daj tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm tus menyuam lub cev xws li lub plab, caj npab lossis txhais ceg.
- Yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis muaj npe nyob, nws tuaj yeem yog lub cim qhia tias jaundice mob hnyav dua.
- Yog tias koj tus menyuam yug tshiab tsis tau noj zaub mov zoo thiab tsis tuaj yeem hnyav dua nws yuav txhais tau tias jaundice zuj zus.
- Kev quaj nrov nrov los ntawm koj tus menyuam yog ib qho cim qhia tias jaundice pib mob zuj zus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntsuam xyuas koj tus menyuam kom paub daj ntseg
Tus menyuam yuav tsis tau kuaj pom tias muaj jaundice hauv tsev kho mob. Yog tias koj xav tias jaundice thaum tus menyuam tau los tsev, sim kuaj tawv nqaij uas ntseeg tau, nrawm thiab yooj yim. Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb, tsis txhob yig tiv tauj koj tus kws kho mob.
- Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj tawv nqaij ncaj, sim cov hauv qab no: Nias tus ntiv tes tawm tsam koj tus menyuam cov tawv nqaij. Qhov no yuav thawb cov ntshav tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij ib pliag. Tus menyuam mos cov tawv nqaij yuav tsum dawb. Yog tias daim tawv nqaij tseem daj, nws daj ntseg.
- Tej zaum qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws kom pom tias muaj jaundice me me yog maj mam nias ntawm koj tus menyuam lub qhov ntswg uas muaj ntau cov hlab ntshav thiab qhov twg jaundice pom tau yooj yim.
- Ua qhov kev xeem no hauv chav uas muaj teeb pom kev zoo kom koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov tawv nqaij hloov pauv tau yooj yim.
- Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj tawv nqaij tawv dua, txheeb xyuas qhov daj ntawm qhov muag, ntsia hlau, xib teg lossis cov pos hniav.
- Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis dhau qhov kev kuaj tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 3. Coj koj tus menyuam mus rau kws kho mob txhawm rau kuaj mob
Koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob yuav ntsuas qib bilirubin hauv koj tus menyuam cov ntshav los ntawm kev txhawm rau pob taws kom kos ntshav. Qib bilirubin kuaj pom hauv tus menyuam cov ntshav yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntsuas qhov theem ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm jaundice thiab seb tus mob xav tau kev kho mob.
- Ib qho kev kuaj tawv nqaij kuj tseem yuav ua, siv lub transcutaneous bilirubinometer los ntsuas qhov pom ntawm lub teeb ci los ntawm tus menyuam mos cov tawv nqaij. Lub bilirubinometer tsis kis tau ntau dua li cov ntshav los ntawm tus menyuam mos.
- Nws muaj peev xwm tias koj tus kws kho mob xaj kom kuaj ntshav ntxiv los yog tso zis yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
- Txhawm rau txiav txim siab xav tau kev kho mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas seb koj tus menyuam noj zaub mov zoo npaum li cas los ntsuas seb koj tus menyuam muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm jaundice li cas. Lwm yam tseem ceeb xws li kev yug menyuam ntxov ntxov, puas muaj qhov nqaij ntuag tshwm sim thaum yug los, thiab koj tus menyuam lub hnub nyoog tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txoj kev kho mob.
- Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj cov nus muag laus uas tau muaj jaundice hnyav, qhov no tseem yuav ua rau hauv txoj kev kho mob.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrhiav kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev
Yog tias jaundice tsis kho, bilirubin tuaj yeem nkag mus rau tus menyuam lub paj hlwb, ua rau tus mob hu ua mob bilirubin encephalopathy. Kev kho sai yog qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej lub paj hlwb puas. Muaj tus cwj pwm coj cwj pwm thiab lub cev qhia qhov mob no. Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam mos yuav tsum nyob hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm kws kho mob ntev ua ntej cov tsos mob no tshwm sim. Thaum mob bilirubin encephalopathy mob hnyav, tus menyuam yug tshiab tuaj yeem:
- Ua npaws lossis ntuav
- Khaws nws nraub qaum los yog caj dab
- Tsis muaj npe thiab nyuaj rau sawv
- Pub tsis zoo
Kauj Ruam 5. Nkag siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho kab mob daj ntseg
Feem ntau ntawm jaundice nyob ntawm lawv tus kheej hauv ib mus rau ob lub lis piam. Kuj tseem muaj lub sijhawm thaum nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kho tus kab mob jaundice. Kernicterus, txawm hais tias tsawg, tshwm sim thaum bilirubin tau ua rau lub paj hlwb puas tas mus li.
- Kev tswj tsis tau lossis tsis tuaj yeem txav mus los yog pov thawj ntawm Kernicterus.
- Tsis hnov lus tuaj yeem yog qhov ua rau lub hlwb puas.
- Qhov khov khov ntsia tuaj yeem yog lub cim ntawm lub hlwb puas.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Kho Jaundice hauv Newborns
Kauj Ruam 1. Kho kab mob daj ntseg tsis yooj yim nrog lim dej tshav ntuj
Los ntawm txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los kho tus mob yooj yim, tsis yooj yim ntawm tus menyuam mos liab daj yog los ntawm kev nthuav tawm koj tus menyuam mos lim tshav ntuj dhau los ntawm lub qhov rais uas tsis pom kev lossis qhov ntxoov ntxoo hauv koj lub tsev lossis los ntawm kev coj nws tawm sab nraud hauv lub tsheb thauj neeg mob npog rau tsib feeb ob zaug ib hnub. Tus menyuam mos yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha, tab sis tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm lub hnub ci lim los ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo lossis iav tshwj xeeb tau kho kom tso lub teeb xiav dhau thaum thaiv cov duab ultraviolet.
Qee tus kws kho menyuam yaus tsis kam qhia qhov no vim muaj kev phom sij ntawm lub hnub ci ntawm daim tawv nqaij me me; txawm li cas los xij, thoob plaws ntiaj teb qhov no tseem yog qhov kev kho mob zoo dua yog tias cov niam txiv nco qab txog qhov ntau thiab hom kev raug
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua kom pub mis rau menyuam txhua hnub
Kev pub niam mis yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj tus menyuam vim nws txhawb nqa txoj hnyuv, uas pab tshem tawm bilirubin los ntawm tus menyuam lub cev. Qhov ntau koj tus menyuam noj, ntau cov kua mis thiab ntau bilirubin koj tus menyuam tso tawm. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia kom nce kev pub mis.
- Tus menyuam mos pub mis niam tuaj yeem nce ntawm yim mus rau kaum pub mis rau ib hnub. Cov tshuaj ntxiv kuj tseem yuav pom zoo.
- Tus menyuam yug tshiab yuav tsum tau khaws cov dej kom pab tso tawm bilirubin los ntawm lawv lub cev.
- Cov mis ntxiv rau kev pub niam mis kuj yuav tsim nyog kom ua rau koj tus menyuam yug tshiab. Kev poob dej ntau dhau tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm tus menyuam mos cov tawv nqaij.
- Xav txog kev ua haujlwm nrog tus kws tshaj lij pub niam mis kom ntseeg tau tias tus menyuam noj zaub mov zoo. Tus kws tshaj lij pub mis niam kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab nrog tshuaj ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txo koj tus menyuam yug tshiab qib bilirubin nrog kho duab
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kho lub teeb rau koj tus menyuam nyob hauv tsev lossis hauv tsev kho mob. Koj tus menyuam yuav raug tso rau hauv lub teeb tshwj xeeb uas tso lub teeb ntsuab ntsuab. Qhov no hloov pauv cov duab thiab qauv ntawm bilirubin cov molecules kom lawv tuaj yeem tso tawm hauv cov zis thiab quav.
- Tus menyuam yuav hnyav txhua hnub thiab qib bilirubin hauv koj tus menyuam mos liab cov ntshav yuav raug kuaj ntau zaus.
- Koj tus menyuam yuav hnav daim pawj thiab tiv thaiv qhov muag thaj thaum kho.
- Lub teeb tsis yog lub teeb ci ultraviolet. Cov ntaub thaiv npog tiv thaiv lim tawm lub teeb ultraviolet uas tuaj yeem tso tawm.
- Kev kho lub teeb yuav tau ntxiv nrog kev siv lub teeb ci los yog lub ncoo.
- Yog tias txheej txheem kho hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm, tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom tus menyuam tso rau hauv daim pam fiber ntau; ib lub txhab nyiaj ntxiv ntawm teeb yuav raug ntxiv.
- Lub cev jaundice (feem ntau daim ntawv) yuav luag tsis xav tau kev kho mob tshaj li kho qhov muag.
Kauj Ruam 4. Hloov tus menyuam mos cov ntshav nrog cov ntshav los ntawm tus pub dawb sib xws
Kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yuav raug xaj los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob yog tias qib bilirubin hauv koj tus menyuam cov ntshav tseem nyob siab. Koj tus menyuam mos tshiab yuav tau txais cov ntshav tshiab los ntawm lub raj yas me me tso rau hauv cov hlab ntshav. Cov ntshav bilirubin-hnyav yuav raug hloov nrog bilirubin tsis pub ntshav txo qis qib sai.
- Koj tus menyuam qhov xwm txheej yuav raug saib xyuas zoo thoob plaws txheej txheem kev tso ntshav.
- Kev sib pauv hloov pauv tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau teev.
- Thaum kev tso ntshav tiav, koj tus menyuam cov ntshav yuav raug kuaj rau bilirubin. Yog tias qib qis tsis txaus txaus ces tus menyuam yuav kis lwm qhov ntxiv.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj immunoglobulin tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv qhov xav tau ntawm kev tso ntshav. Nws qhia txog cov ntshav protein rau tus menyuam mos uas tuaj yeem txo qis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev txhaj tshuaj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob immunoglobulin tuaj yeem txo qis jaundice thiab tshem tawm qhov xav tau kev pauv ntshav.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Txo Kev Risk and Impact of Jaundice
Kauj Ruam 1. Kuaj koj cov ntshav thaum ntxov ntawm koj cev xeeb tub
Muaj qee hom ntshav uas sib cav ntawm niam thiab menyuam. Yog tias leej niam cov qe ntshav nkag mus rau tus menyuam los ntawm kev hla lub tsho me nyuam, leej niam tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau muaj jaundice hauv tus menyuam mos.
- ABO nrog rau RH tsis sib xws tuaj yeem ua rau jaundice thiab tuaj yeem kuaj pom thaum kuaj ntshav ntxov.
- Cov ntshav tsis sib xws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nrog RH-tiv thaiv globulin tswj hwm ntawm nees nkaum yim lub lis piam thaum cev xeeb tub.
Kauj Ruam 2. Cia siab tias yuav muaj jaundice hauv koj tus menyuam mos
Pub koj tus menyuam ntau zaus, txij li koj tuaj yeem pab koj tus menyuam yug tshiab kom tswj tau qib bilirubin los ntawm kev nce plab hauv tus menyuam. Txawm hais tias koj tus menyuam tsis tau kuaj pom tias muaj jaundice, koj tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav muaj peev xwm nce qib bilirubin ntau ntxiv thiab txo cov qib ntawd.
Yim mus rau kaum ob txoj kev pub mis txhua hnub yuav pab txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev pib ntawm jaundice tseem ceeb
Kauj Ruam 3. Tsis txhob ua lub neej nyob uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis tiav thiab yug menyuam
Cov qib bilirubin siab ua rau muaj jaundice tshwm sim hauv yim caum feem pua ntawm cov menyuam mos uas tsis tau yug menyuam. Cov qib Bilirubin tau pom tias siab, yuav luag tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, hauv cov menyuam yug los ntawm peb caug-tsib lub lis piam lossis tsawg dua ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm jaundice.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb-lawv ua rau muaj feem yuav xeeb menyuam tsis tau ntxov. Cov pa luam yeeb thib ob kuj tseem ua rau muaj feem yuav yug menyuam tsis taus.
- Kev siv tshuaj pab txhawb rau kev yug menyuam ntxov.
- Kev haus cawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm ua ntej yug menyuam.
Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube
Lub tswv yim
- Nws yuav pab tau kom xaum tsev kho mob lub mis tso zis (thiab nws yuav raug them los ntawm kev pov hwm lossis WIC.) Tsis txhob sim siv lub twj tso kua mis "khw muag khoom yuav". Koj xav tau lub twj tso kua mis zoo los nthuav qhia mis rau pub rau koj tus menyuam thiab khaws koj cov khoom noj (qee yam nrog ntau lub voj voog hloov kho qhov nqus tswj).
- Qee tus kws kho mob qhia niam mis niam kom ntxiv nrog cov mis.
- Qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau jaundice yog pub koj tus menyuam nquag (8-10 pub rau ib hnub), kom cov qib bilirubin hauv tus menyuam lub cev raug txo los ntawm kev txav mus los.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam yuav tsaug zog. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ib txwm tshwm sim ntawm jaundice. Yog tias tus menyuam tsaug zog thiab pub niam mis tsawg dua 8 - 10 zaug/hnub, koj yuav xav tsa tus menyuam sawv los sim pub mis rau nws.
- Muaj qee qhov pov thawj qhia tias ncua kev txiav qaum tuaj yeem txo lossis zam kev daj ntseg hauv tus menyuam mos. Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb (WHO) pom zoo qhov kev coj ua.
