Kev mob aneurysm tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha tawg lossis o tuaj vim raug mob lossis lub nkoj tsis muaj zog phab ntsa. Aneurysms tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob txhua qhov chaw, tab sis lawv feem ntau tshwm sim hauv aorta (cov hlab ntsha loj los ntawm lub plawv) thiab lub paj hlwb. Qhov loj ntawm lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem sib txawv, nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam, xws li kev raug mob, kev kho mob, kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic, lossis yug me nyuam tej yam kev mob Raws li lub qhov quav loj tuaj, muaj lub sijhawm zoo dua rau nws kom tawg thiab ua rau muaj ntshav loj. Feem ntau ntawm cov hlab ntshav ua rau tsis muaj tsos mob thiab muaj neeg tuag coob (ntawm 65%-80%), yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Txheeb Xyuas Kab Mob Hlwb Aneurysm
Kauj Ruam 1. Tsis txhob hnov qab mob taub hau sai thiab hnyav
Yog tias cov hlab ntsha tawg hauv koj lub paj hlwb vim yog lub paj hlwb, nws yuav ua rau mob taub hau hnyav uas tuaj sai sai. Qhov mob taub hau no yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm lub paj hlwb tawg.
- Feem ntau qhov mob taub hau no yuav hnov mob ntau dua li mob taub hau uas koj tau ntsib dua.
- Kev mob taub hau feem ntau yog nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam, nyob rau sab twg ntawm lub taub hau qhov twg cov hlab ntsha tawg.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias cov hlab ntsha nyob ze koj lub qhov muag tawg, nws yuav ua rau mob hnyav uas tawg mus rau hauv koj lub qhov muag.
- Kev mob taub hau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab, tsis nco qab, thiab/lossis ntuav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nco tseg txhua yam cuam tshuam rau koj lub zeem muag
Ob lub zeem muag, txo lub zeem muag, pom qhov muag tsis pom, lossis dig muag yog txhua qhov ntsuas ntawm lub paj hlwb lub paj hlwb. Kev tsis pom kev tshwm sim vim muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha ze ntawm lub qhov muag uas txiav cov ntshav ntws mus rau qhov muag.
- Cov hlab ntsha hauv qhov muag tseem tuaj yeem raug pinched los ntawm cov ntshav ntau ntxiv, ua rau lub qhov muag tsis pom lossis ob lub zeem muag.
- Qhov muag tsis pom qhov xwm txheej no tshwm sim los ntawm ischemia ntawm cov retina, qhov twg cov ntshav ntws mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg tsis txaus.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas cov menyuam kawm ntawv nthuav dav hauv daim iav
Cov tub ntxhais kawm dilated yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm lub paj hlwb aneurysm, vim qhov txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag. Feem ntau, ib tus ntawm koj cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav raug nthuav dav ntau dua li lwm tus. Nws tseem yuav qeeb thiab tsis teb rau lub teeb.
- Cov menyuam kawm ntawv loj tuaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua ntshav siab ntau hauv lub hlwb.
- Cov tub ntxhais kawm dilated tuaj yeem qhia tau tias qhov aneurysm nyuam qhuav tshwm sim, pom los ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua tib zoo saib qhov muag
Koj ob lub qhov muag yuav ua rau mob lossis hnov mob hnyav thaum lub sij hawm aneurysm.
- Qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag.
- Qhov muag qhov muag feem ntau yuav mob ib sab, vim tias nws nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub paj hlwb uas muaj lub paj hlwb.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tshaj tawm yog tias koj lub caj dab txhav
Lub caj dab txhav tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog aneurysm yog tias cov hlab ntsha hauv lub caj dab cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg.
- Cov hlab ntsha tawg tsis tas yuav tsum nyob ze qhov chaw nyob hauv lub caj dab qhov mob tau hnov.
- Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov hlab ntsha hauv caj dab nthuav tawm qhov zoo sib xws nce thiab nqis lub caj dab thiab lub taub hau. Qhov mob yuav ua rau nws tus kheej dhau los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov muag.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ntsuas yog tias ib nrab ntawm koj lub cev xav tias tsis muaj zog
Ib nrab ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm aneurysm, nyob ntawm seb ib feem ntawm lub paj hlwb puas.
- Yog tias txoj cai hemisphere raug cuam tshuam nws yuav ua rau sab laug sab cev tuag tes tuag taw.
- Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias sab laug hemisphere cuam tshuam, nws yuav ua rau sab cev nqaij daim tawv tuag tes tuag taw.
Kauj Ruam 7. Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim
Lub paj hlwb tawg ua rau tuag nyob ib puag ncig 40% ntawm tib neeg, thiab kwv yees li 66% ntawm cov neeg muaj txoj sia nyob raug qee yam kev puas hlwb. Yog tias koj tab tom ntsib ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no, hu rau koj cov kev pabcuam thaum muaj xwm ceev (zoo li 911 hauv Asmeskas lossis 999 hauv tebchaws Askiv) tam sim ntawd.
- Cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom zoo kom koj tsav tsheb koj tus kheej lossis muaj ib tus neeg hauv koj tsev coj koj mus rau tom tsev kho mob.
- Hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob kom nyab xeeb rau koj thiab lwm tus. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem coj koj mus rau tsev kho mob sai dua thiab ua cov txheej txheem cawm neeg txoj sia rau koj thaum caij tsheb npav.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Tshawb xyuas Aortic Aneurysm
Kauj Ruam 1. Ceev faj tias aortic aneurysms tuaj yeem yog mob plab aortic aneurysms lossis thoracic aortic aneurysms
Aorta yog thawj txoj hlab ntshav uas xa ntshav mus rau koj lub plawv thiab rau tag nrho koj lwm qhov kawg, thiab cov hlab ntshav cuam tshuam rau aorta tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom:
- Mob plab aortic aneurysm (AAA). Ib qho aneurysm uas tshwm sim hauv plab (plab) thaj chaw hu ua plab aortic aneurysm. Qhov no yog hom mob aneurysm feem ntau thiab tuag taus hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob.
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Hom aneurysm no nyob hauv cheeb tsam hauv siab thiab tshwm sim saum lub diaphragm. Thaum lub sijhawm TAA, ntu nyob ze ntawm lub plawv nthuav dav thiab cuam tshuam rau lub valve nruab nrab ntawm lub plawv thiab aorta. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, cov ntshav rov qab tshwm sim hauv plawv, ua rau puas rau cov leeg nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nco ntsoov mob plab lossis mob nraub qaum
Tsis txawv txav thiab mob plab lossis mob nraub qaum tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm lub plab aortic aneurysm lossis thoracic aortic aneurysm.
- Qhov mob yog tshwm sim los ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha loj ua rau lub siab nyob ze cov nruab nrog cev thiab cov leeg.
- Qhov mob feem ntau tsis daws los ntawm nws tus kheej, lossis yuav hloov pauv txoj haujlwm kom yooj yim.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nco ntsoov xeev siab thiab ntuav
Yog tias koj hnov xeev siab thiab ntuav nrog mob hnyav lossis mob nraub qaum, koj yuav ntsib kev mob plab aortic aneurysm.
Cem quav thiab nyuaj tso zis kuj yuav tshwm sim. Kev mob plab hauv plab kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai
Kauj Ruam 4. Kuaj seb koj puas kiv taub hau
Kev kiv taub hau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav poob ntau heev uas feem ntau ua rau lub plab aortic aneurysm tawg.
Kev kiv taub hau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog. Yog tias koj hnov kiv taub hau nrog rau lwm cov tsos mob no, sim zaum lossis so hauv av, txo koj tus kheej kom zoo li koj tuaj yeem ua tau
Kauj Ruam 5. Txheeb xyuas koj lub plawv dhia
Lub plawv dhia nrawm dua yog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov ntshav sab hauv thiab ntshav tsis txaus los ntawm lub plab aortic aneurysm tawg.
Kauj Ruam 6. Hnov koj cov tawv nqaij kom pom tias nws clammy
Cov tawv nqaij clammy tuaj yeem yog cov lus qhia piav qhia ntawm lub plab aortic aneurysm.
Qhov no yog vim muaj lub embolus (txav ntshav khov) uas tau tsim los ntawm lub plab aneurysm thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov kub ntawm qhov tawv nqaij
Kauj Ruam 7. Khaws qhov muag saib thaum mob hauv siab thiab ua pa loj
Txij li thaum thoracic aortic aneurysm tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam hauv siab, qhov loj me ntawm aorta tuaj yeem thawb tawm tsam thaj tsam hauv siab, ua rau mob thiab lub suab nrov thaum ua pa.
- Qhov mob hauv siab no xav tias khaus thiab txhaws.
- Mob hauv siab duav yog tej zaum tsis yog tsos mob ntawm aneurysm.
Kauj Ruam 8. Nqos thiab saib seb nws zoo li nyuaj
Kev nqos nyuaj tuaj yeem qhia pom tshwm sim ntawm thoracic aortic aneurysm.
Ib qho teeb meem nqos tuaj yeem yog vim lub aorta loj zuj zus, uas tso siab rau ntawm txoj hlab pas thiab ua rau nws nyuaj rau nqos
Kauj Ruam 9. Hais lus thiab mloog kom muaj suab nrov hauv koj lub suab
Cov hlab ntsha loj tuaj yeem nias lub paj hlwb, suav nrog lub suab hu nkauj, uas ua rau lub suab ntxhi.
Qhov hnoos no yuav los txog tam sim, tsis dhau sijhawm li mob khaub thuas lossis khaub thuas
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Pom Zoo Nrog Kev Txheeb Xyuas
Kauj Ruam 1. Tau txais ultrasound kom tau txais kev kuaj mob ua ntej
Ib qho ultrasound yog txheej txheem tsis mob uas siv lub suab nthwv dej kom pom thiab tsim cov duab ntawm qee qhov ntawm lub cev.
Qhov kev sim no tsuas yog siv los kuaj mob aortic aneurysms
Kauj Ruam 2. Sim xam tomography (CT-Scan)
Cov txheej txheem no siv X-duab los thaij duab ntawm cov qauv hauv lub cev. CT scan tsis mob thiab muab cov duab ntxaws ntxaws dua li ultrasound. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias tsis muaj lub paj hlwb lossis xav txiav tawm lwm yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua tau.
- Thaum tus txheej txheem, tus kws kho mob yuav txhaj tshuaj zas xim rau hauv koj cov hlab ntshav uas ua rau aorta thiab lwm cov hlab ntsha pom ntawm CT-scan.
- Qhov no tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov kev kuaj mob txhua yam ntawm aneurysms.
- Koj tuaj yeem ua CT scan ua ib feem ntawm koj li kev kuaj mob ib txwm txawm tias koj tsis xav tias muaj mob aneurysm. Nov yog txoj hauv kev zoo los txheeb xyuas qhov mob aneurysm ntxov li sai tau.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib mus rau qhov ntsuas qhov sib nqus sib nqus (MRI)
Cov txheej txheem no siv cov hlau nplaum thiab xov tooj cua kom pom lub cev thiab lwm yam txheej txheem hauv koj lub cev. Nws kuj tseem tsis mob, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tshuaj xyuas, nrhiav chaw, thiab ntsuas lub plawv.
- Hloov chaw tsuas yog 2D, nws tuaj yeem tsim 3D hla cov duab ntawm cov hlab ntshav hauv koj lub hlwb.
- Ib qho MRI tuaj yeem siv los kuaj xyuas txhua hom kev mob aneurysm.
- Qee qhov xwm txheej, MRI thiab cerebral angiography tuaj yeem ua ua ke los txhawb ib leeg.
- Nrog kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov chaw sib nqus, MRI tuaj yeem tsim cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm lub hlwb cov hlab ntshav piv rau CT scan.
- Cov txheej txheem nyab xeeb thiab tsis mob.
- Tsis zoo li X-ray, MRI tsis cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb siv los ntawm cov neeg uas xav kom zam kev tawg, xws li poj niam cev xeeb tub.
Kauj Ruam 4. Sim ua kom tiav angiography txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas cov hlab ntsha sab hauv
Cov txheej txheem no siv X-duab tshav thiab xim tshwj xeeb kom pom sab hauv ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam.
- Qhov no yuav qhia qhov dav thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj-tsim cov quav hniav thiab thaiv cov hlab ntshav tau pom yooj yim nrog kev pab ntawm cov txheej txheem no.
- Cerebral angiography tsuas yog siv los tshuaj xyuas lub paj hlwb aneurysm. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov cuam tshuam vim tias nws siv lub raj me me tso rau hauv txhais ceg thiab coj los ntawm cov hlab ntshav.
- Cov txheej txheem no yuav qhia qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb.
- Tom qab cov xim ziab, ntau cov duab MRI lossis X-ray yuav ua raws los tsim cov duab ntxaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb.
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Nkag Siab Aneurysms
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab qhov ua rau lub paj hlwb puas
Lub paj hlwb lub paj hlwb tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau lub zais pa ua ntej tawg. Lawv feem ntau tsim ntawm rab rawg lossis ceg hauv cov hlab ntsha, ntu qis tshaj ntawm cov hlab ntshav.
- Thaum lub zais pa tawg, yuav muaj ntshav tsis tu ncua hauv lub hlwb.
- Ntshav lom rau lub hlwb, thiab thaum muaj ntshav tshwm sim, nws feem ntau hu ua hemorrhagic syndrome.
- Feem ntau lub hlwb aneurysms tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw subarachnoid, uas yog thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub hlwb thiab pob txha taub hau.
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub koj li kev pheej hmoo
Cerebral thiab aortic aneurysms qhia ntau yam kev pheej hmoo. Qee tus ntawm lawv tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau, xws li tau txais kev mob caj ces, tab sis lwm tus tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm kev xaiv lub neej ntse. Nov yog cov xwm txheej pheej hmoo rau lub paj hlwb thiab aortic aneurysms:
- Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ob hom aneurysms.
- Kev kub siab, lossis ntshav siab, ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas thiab sab hauv ntawm aorta.
- Kev laus ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub paj hlwb aneurysms tom qab hnub nyoog 50. Lub aorta ua rau nruj dua nrog lub hnub nyoog, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm aneurysms nce ntxiv thaum koj laus dua.
- Kev mob ua paug tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj uas ua rau mob aneurysms. Cov xwm txheej zoo li vasculitis (mob ntawm cov hlab ntshav) tuaj yeem ua puas thiab caws pliav aorta.
- Kev raug mob, xws li ntog lossis tsheb sib tsoo tsheb, tuaj yeem ua rau lub aorta puas.
- Kev kis kab mob xws li mob syphilis (STI) tuaj yeem ua rau puas sab hauv ntawm aorta. Cov kab mob los yog cov kab mob hu ua fungal ntawm lub hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg.
- Kev siv tshuaj lossis siv tsis raug, tshwj xeeb yog siv yeeb dawb thiab haus cawv hnyav, ua rau muaj ntshav siab uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub paj hlwb puas.
- Tub los ntxhais ua lub luag haujlwm hauv koj qhov kev pheej hmoo rau aneurysms. Txiv neej txhim kho aortic aneurysms ntawm tus nqi siab dua li poj niam ua, tab sis poj niam muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau kev txhim kho lub paj hlwb aneurysms.
- Qee qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig, xws li Ehlers-Danlos syndrome thiab Marfan syndrome (ob qho tib si cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas tsis zoo), tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb thiab aorta tsis muaj zog.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txhob haus luam yeeb
Kev haus luam yeeb ntseeg tau pab txhawb rau kev tsim thiab tawg ntawm lub paj hlwb aneurysms. Kev haus luam yeeb kuj tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj rau kev tsim lub plab aortic aneurysm (AAA). 90% ntawm cov tib neeg nrog aortic aneurysms muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev haus luam yeeb.
Ua ntej koj tawm haujlwm, ntxov dua koj tuaj yeem pib txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib koj cov ntshav siab
Kev kub siab, lossis ntshav siab, ua rau puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb thiab hauv ob sab phlu ntawm lub aorta, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub paj hlwb.
- Poob qhov hnyav yog tias koj rog lossis rog tuaj yeem txo koj cov ntshav siab. Txawm tias poob 10 phaus (4.5 kg) ua qhov sib txawv.
- Tau txais kev tawm dag zog tas li. Tau txais 30 feeb hauv ib hnub ntawm kev tawm dag zog lub cev ib hnub tuaj yeem pab txo koj cov ntshav siab.
- Txwv cawv. Tsis txhob haus ntau tshaj 1-2 haus ib hnub (1 rau cov poj niam feem ntau, 2 rau txiv neej feem ntau).
Kauj Ruam 5. Tswj koj cov zaub mov noj
Ua kom koj cov hlab ntsha muaj kev noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kab mob aortic aneurysm. Kev noj zaub mov zoo tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas twb muaj lawm. Noj zaub mov kom zoo nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub tshiab kom ntau, cov nplej tag nrho, thiab cov protein ntshiv yuav pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob aneurysms.
- Txo koj cov sodium noj. Txwv sodium tsawg dua 2, 300mg ib hnub (1, 500mg ib hnub rau cov tib neeg uas kuaj ntshav siab) yuav pab tswj ntshav siab.
- Txo koj cov roj cholesterol. Noj cov zaub mov muaj fiber ntau, tshwj xeeb yog oatmeal thiab oat bran, yuav pab txo cov roj (cholesterol) phem (LDL). Txiv hmab txiv ntoo, pears, taum taum, barley, thiab prunes kuj muaj fiber ntau soluble. Omega-3 fatty acids los ntawm cov rog rog xws li sardines, tuna, salmon, lossis halibut tseem yuav pab txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo.
- Noj cov rog rog. Nco ntsoov kom tsis txhob muaj cov rog thiab cov rog trans. Cov rog los ntawm ntses, roj zaub (piv txwv li, roj txiv roj), txiv ntseej, thiab cov noob muaj cov roj ntau hauv monounsaturated thiab polyunsaturated, uas tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo. Avocado yog lwm qhov zoo ntawm cov roj "zoo" thiab tuaj yeem pab txo koj cov roj cholesterol.
