Cov txiav txiav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv koj lub cev. Nws yog cov qog pom sib sib zog nqus hauv lub plab nruab nrab ntawm lub plab thiab sab nraub qaum uas tso tawm cov zom zaub mov zom zom zom zaub mov thiab pab koj nqus cov khoom noj. Nws kuj tseem pab tswj qib cov piam thaj hauv koj lub cev los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin, glucagon, thiab lwm yam tshuaj hormones. Txij li cov txiav txiav pab tswj ntau thaj tsam ntawm koj lub cev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj tus kheej noj qab nyob zoo.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Pancreatic
Kauj Ruam 1. Txhob haus luam yeeb
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav yog txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo uas koj tau tswj hwm. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tswj tau qhov xwm txheej yog haus luam yeeb. Cov neeg haus luam yeeb muaj ob zaug muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic ntau dua li cov uas tsis ua. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tias qhov no yog vim tias cov kabmob kheesxaws los ntawm cov luam yeeb nkag rau hauv koj cov ntshav, uas ua rau lub pancreas puas. Txiav luam yeeb kom pab txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav. Yog tias koj tseem tsis tau haus luam yeeb, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob pib. Koj tuaj yeem txiav luam yeeb los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev sib txawv, xws li:
- Siv pab pawg txhawb nqa. Koj tuaj yeem pom Nicotine Anonymous pab pawg lossis lwm pab pawg txhawb nqa hauv koj cheeb tsam dhau los ntawm American Lung Association. Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov pab txhawb nqa hauv xov tooj.
- Nicotine hloov kho (NRT), xws li thaj ua rau thaj, tshuaj tsuag qhov ntswg, cov pos hniav, lozenges, thiab nqus tau pa. Cov no tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau poj niam cev xeeb tub lossis cov neeg muaj mob plawv.
- Cov tshuaj yuav tshuaj, uas yuav qhia los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob. Cov no suav nrog Bupropion (Zyban) thiab Varenicline (Chantix).
Kauj Ruam 2. Txo kev haus cawv ntau heev
Kev haus cawv ntau tuaj yeem ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, mob qog noj ntshav, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev haus cawv, tau txuas nrog kev pheej hmoo pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas koj txwv koj kev haus cawv txhua hnub. Yog tias koj tsis haus dej, tsis txhob pib, thiab cawv yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim txhua hnub. Cov txheej txheem kev noj zaub mov qhia tias koj yuav tsum tsis pub haus ntau tshaj ib hnub yog tias koj yog poj niam thiab tsis pub haus ntau tshaj ob zaug hauv ib hnub yog tias koj yog txiv neej.
Txwv cov nyiaj uas koj haus ib lub lim tiam kom tsis txhob puas rau daim siab thiab txiav txiav
Kauj Ruam 3. Poob qhov hnyav
Ib qho ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav yog kev rog. Koj tuaj yeem pib poob phaus los ntawm kev tawm dag zog thiab phiaj xwm noj zaub mov zoo. Nug koj tus kws kho mob kom npaj phiaj xwm thiab zaub mov zaub mov uas yuav ua haujlwm rau koj qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
Cov lus pom zoo rau kev tawm dag zog los ntawm American Heart Association yog 150 feeb ntawm qhov nruab nrab lossis 75 feeb ntawm kev tawm dag zog ib lub lim tiam. Qhov no yuav tsum nthuav tawm ob peb hnub
Kauj Ruam 4. Txwv cov nqaij liab thiab nqaij qaib nrog tawv nqaij
Kev tshawb fawb ua ntej pom tias nqaij liab ntau dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb yog txiv neej. Txwv cov nqaij liab hauv koj cov zaub mov noj, muaj lawv ib zaug lossis ob zaug hauv ib lub lis piam. Hloov chaw ntawm cov nqaij liab, noj ntses ntau dua thiab nqaij qaib tsis muaj tawv nqaij.
- Yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav ntau dua vim yog tsev neeg keeb kwm, koj yuav xav txwv nws ib zaug txhua ob peb lub lis piam lossis txiav nws tawm tag nrho.
- Nco ntsoov tshem daim tawv nqaij tawm ntawm koj cov nqaij qaib vim tias nws muaj qib roj ntau.
- Noj cov ntses uas muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntau, xws li ntses, ntses salmon, tuna, thiab haddock. Cov zaub mov no muaj omega-3 fatty acids, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau koj kev noj qab haus huv.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txwv cov nqaij ua tiav
Kev noj cov nqaij ua tiav tau qhia pom tias yuav ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Cov nqaij ua tiav yog cov nqaij uas tau hloov pauv los ua kom nws lub neej ruaj khov, xws li haus luam yeeb, kho, ntxiv ntsev ntau ntxiv lossis khaws cia. Txhawm rau txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic, txwv lossis tshem tawm koj kev noj cov nqaij ua tiav, xws li hnyuv ntxwm, nqaij npuas kib, cov dev kub, salami, nqaij nyuj jerky, thiab nqaij npua.
Yog tias koj xav noj cov khoom noj zoo li no, saib rau txhua yam nqaij, tsis muaj cov nqaij uas tsis muaj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb, xws li nitrates
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Rau Kab Mob Pancreatic
Kauj Ruam 1. Kuaj lub cev
Thaum koj mus rau kev kuaj mob lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj muaj keeb kwm tsev neeg ntawm mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic lossis muaj cov tsos mob koj tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia nws lossis nws yuav tshuaj xyuas qhov qhia tias mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Ua qhov ceeb toom hnyav los ntawm cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb, xws li: nkees piav tsis tau, mob plab lossis mob nraub qaum, tshwj xeeb yog xeev siab, tsam plab, tsis qab los noj mov, thiab qhov tseem ceeb, poob phaus yam tsis tau piav qhia. Muaj lwm cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev, xws li mob hnyav/qog nqaij hlav lossis ua kua dej hauv koj lub plab kab noj (ascites), uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lub zais zis lossis lub siab ua mob (tej zaum mob cirrhosis) thiab tej zaum yog los ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic kis:
- Txheeb xyuas qhov dawb ntawm koj lub qhov muag thiab koj cov tawv nqaij rau jaundice (feem ntau hu ua "jaundice daj") tuaj yeem pom qhov daj ntawm cov cheeb tsam no vim yog cov kua tsib (nce bilirubin hauv cov ntshav suav).
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Yog tias koj muaj jaundice, nws yuav yog vim muaj qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub taub hau ntawm koj lub txiav txiav uas tau thaiv cov kua tsib los yog tsuas yog lub pob zeb. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb qhov ua rau/hom kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kua tsib duct. Yog tias ntawm no yog qog nyob hauv lub taub hau ntawm tus txiav, tom qab ntawd kom qhib qhov ntws ntawm cov kua tsib lawv tuaj yeem tso rau hauv stent, thiab yog tias yog, tom qab ntawd nws yuav dhau los ua txhaws, yog li saib xyuas kom rov qab los ntawm koj lub jaundice.
Yog tias cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav, lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov qog (Cov txheej txheem Whipple, phais loj), lossis nws tuaj yeem ua tau tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau, zoo li thaum nws tau kis mus rau lub siab, mob plab/peritoneal hauv ob sab phlu, cov qog ua haujlwm/-nodes, lossis tau kaw cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb thiab/lossis cov hlab ntshav ze rau ntawm tus txiav.
- Txheeb xyuas ib puag ncig koj lub pob qij txha lossis ib ncig ntawm lub caj dab thaj chaw kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom cov qog ntshav qog, uas tuaj yeem yog los ntawm ntau yam ua rau lossis vim yog mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic kis los ntawm lawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tau txais cov ntshav
Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob tsis paub meej txog qhov ua rau koj muaj tsos mob, qhov no yuav hu kom noj ntshav los tshuaj xyuas koj qib. Ntshav tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj hauv lub siab kom raug, suav nrog ammonia, cov cim qog (feem ntau CA19-9), thiab ntsuas cov tshuaj hormones pancreatic.
Kev kuaj ntshav yuav pab nrhiav lossis txiav tawm lwm yam ua rau koj cov tsos mob ib yam
Kauj Ruam 3. Tau txais lub plab ultrasound
Yog tias tus kws kho mob tsis paub meej txog qhov ua rau mob plab, lossis yog tias koj xav tau kuaj qis dua ua ntej, thiab tuaj yeem ua lub plab ultrasound txhawm rau nrhiav ib yam dab tsi txawv txawv uas yuav qhia tau tias koj qhov mob tshwm sim los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav lossis lwm yam qog nqaij hlav hauv plab. Lub plab ultrasound siv lub ntsej muag zoo li tus emitter-receiver hla koj lub plab, uas ua rau lub suab tsis hnov suab tawm ntawm koj lub cev los tsim cov duab uas yuav tsum tau txhais los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov qog nqaij hlav/loj dua uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv koj cov txiav txiav lossis lub plab
Kauj Ruam 4. Tau txais ib qho endoscopic ultrasound
Ib qho kev kuaj pom tseeb dua rau mob qog noj ntshav yog mob endoscopic ultrasound. Rau qhov kev xeem no, koj yuav raug tso rau hauv kev ua kom sedation. Tom qab ntawd, lub tshuab kuaj kab mob endoscope nrog kev tshuaj ntsuam ultrasound ntawm qhov kawg yog xov hauv koj lub qhov ntswg lossis lub qhov ncauj, los ntawm txoj hlab pas thiab lub plab, mus rau hauv duodenum, thaj tsam sab saud ntawm koj txoj hnyuv me.
Qhov no tso qhov dav nyob ze rau ntawm tus txiav, yog li cov duab yuav qhia ntxaws
Kauj Ruam 5. Tau xoo tomography (CT) scan
CT-/miv-scans, uas yog hla ntu xoo hluav taws xob, yuav qhia cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm tus txiav txiav thiab cov kabmob ib puag ncig. Nws yuav pab qhia seb koj lub txiav txiav puas muaj qog nqaij hlav cancer thiab seb nws puas kis mus rau lwm yam kabmob hauv koj lub cev.
- Nws tseem yuav pab txiav txim siab seb kev phais yog koj qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, lossis koj tsis tsim nyog.
- Ua ntej koj CT, koj yuav tsum tau hno ob peb ooj ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ncauj txog li 45 feeb, uas yog kua uas yuav pab tau koj lub cev (txoj hlab pas, plab, hnyuv) pom zoo dua ntawm kev kuaj. Thiab, tej zaum koj yuav tau txhaj tshuaj txhaj tshuaj (IV) iodine/sib piv kom cov hlab ntsha sawv ntsug kom meej.
- Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua CT-coj rab koob-/lossis laparoscopic- (microsurgical) biopsy yog tias muaj qog nqaij hlav pom ntawm koj qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam txhawm rau pab pom seb nws puas muaj qog noj ntshav lossis tsis yog.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Kab Mob Pancreatic
Kauj Ruam 1. Saib xyuas cov tsos mob thaum ntxov
Kev mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau tshwm sim ntev ntev ua ntej ua rau muaj cov tsos mob txaus txaus ua rau ib tus mus nrhiav kev pab kho mob. Ib tus tuaj yeem tau txais koob hmoov kom muaj teeb meem zom zaub mov txaus (xws li txhaws cov kua tsib hauv lub cev) kom ua rau pom ntxov txaus kom raug phais thaum ntxov, ua ntej theem III lossis IV. Thaum lawv pib txhim kho, muaj qee yam tshwm sim thaum ntxov uas tsis yog yam tshwj xeeb uas tshwm sim. Cov no suav nrog:
- Nkees, nkees piav tsis tau
- Mob hauv plab lossis nruab nrab ntawm nraub qaum
- Bloating, tej zaum yuav rov ua rau raws plab
- Xeev siab, lossis mob plab tsis tu ncua (tej zaum ntuav)
- Hloov pauv sai hauv cov ntshav qab zib
- Ntshav qab zib lossis pib mob ntshav qab zib sai
- Tsis qab los noj mov
- Poob phaus
- Ntshav hauv cov theem tom qab
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Yog tias muaj jaundice nrog cov kua tsib tsis txaus vim yog cov hlab ntsha txhaws:
- Cov tawv nqaij daj thiab/lossis dawb ntawm koj lub qhov muag
- Txiv kab ntxwv los yog xim av zis
- Cov quav quav xim, xws li chalky-grey lossis dawb (quav quav yog ib txwm)
- Tsis hnov tsw, roj, cov quav ntab
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai
Muaj qee yam uas ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav ntau dua li lwm tus. Cov kev pheej hmoo no suav nrog: Yam uas yuav ua rau mob qog noj ntshav muaj xws li:
- Ua dhau 50, feem ntau yog tshaj 65
- Haus luam yeeb
- Koj haiv neeg keeb kwm yav dhau los, vim tias Neeg Asmeskas-Neeg Asmeskas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua
- Yav dhau los keeb kwm ntawm kev mob pancreatitis ntev lossis mob ntev ntawm tus txiav
- Tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav no, tshwj xeeb yog ob lossis ntau tus txheeb ze ze, nrog rau lub mis, zes qe menyuam, lossis mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev neeg
- Kev rog, kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo
- Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas txhim kho ntshav qab zib ntau dua 50 xyoo muaj yim npaug ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav adenocarcinoma tsis pub dhau peb xyoos, tom qab ntawd qhov kev pheej hmoo txheeb ze poob qis.
- Kev noj ntau dhau ntawm cov nqaij liab lossis ua tiav
- Keeb kwm ntawm kev haus cawv hnyav lossis quav cawv
- Ib puag ncig lossis chaw ua haujlwm raug qee yam tshuaj tua kab, xim, thiab tshuaj lom neeg
Kauj Ruam 3. Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob
Yog tias koj pom muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob. Ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim ntawm lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ib yam, yog li tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog lwm yam koj cov tsos mob txhais li cas. Koj tseem yuav tsum tau mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic vim yog qhov xwm txheej lossis keeb kwm tsev neeg kom ntseeg tau tias koj ua tau zoo.